10/16/24, 9:00 AM NUR 641E Midterm Study Guide/NUR-641E Mid-Term Exam Study Guide [Latest 2024/2025]_NUR 641E Midterm Exam Stu…
NUR 641E Midterm Study Guide/NUR-641E Mid-
Term Exam Study Guide [Latest
2024/2025]_NUR 641E Midterm Exam Study
Guide: Grand Canyon University
Terms in this set (106)
An inactive drug dosage form that is converted to
an active metabolite by various biochemical
Prodrug reactions once it is inside the body.
-Cytochrome P450
-Ex. Aspirin, psilocybin, heroin
the rate at and the extent to which a nutrient is
absorbed and used
-Affected by route of administration and drug
dosage
Bioavailability
-Drug clearance (rate drug leaves circulation)
-Steady state concentration
-Affected by chemical stability, solubility, and first
pass
stable level of drug in the body, occurs in 5 half
lives of the drug
Steady state (of a drug)
-rate of drug being added to system is equal to
amount being eliminated from system
The process by which drugs are absorbed,
distributed within the body, metabolized, and
Pharmacokinetics
excreted.
-what the body does to the drug
the fact that a medication in the GI tract passes
First pass
through the liver before entering other organs
does not bioequivalence does/does not affect bioavailability
-enzymes that function to metabolize potentially
toxic compounds, including drugs and products of
endogenous metabolism such as bilirubin,
principally in the liver.
-genetics influence presence of enzymes
-affects metabolism of warfarin, antidepressants,
Cytochrome P450 antiepileptics, and statins.
-the levels of these drugs are higher when taken
with certain drugs that are inhibitors (ex. warfarin
with omeprazole) because there is competition for
enzyme metabolism.
-inducers lead to decreased plasma concentration
of drug.
An inducer increases the metabolism of a substrate
cytochrome p450
resulting in a decreased level or effect of the
inducer
substrate
An inhibitor decreases the metabolism of a
cytochrome p450
substrate resulting in an increased level or effect of
inhibitor
the substrate.
prodrug that must be activated by hepatic CYP2C19
metabolism; individuals who are poor metabolizers
Clopidogrel
may not form the active metabolite and have
reduced antiplatelet response
half-life (determines) how often a drug is administered
4-5 steady state is reached in _-_ times the half-life
-Vitamin K antagonist
-Factors II, VII, IX, X
Warfarin (MOA)
-takes several days to take effect
-monitor INR
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