-Causes increase in inhibitory gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA) activity
-Enhances influx of chloride
-Interferes with excitatory glutamate transmission
Antiepileptic agents that reduce efficacy of oral contraceptives (3) - Answer✔✔--Phenytoin
-Phenobarbital
-Carbamazepine
Seizure medications and pregnancy - Answer✔✔--None are safe
-Use only if benefit outweighs risk and patient realizes potential of birth defects
Phenytoin (Dilantin) (2) - Answer✔✔--Highly plasma protein bound
-Serum levels 10 to 20 mcg/ml should be interpreted according to patient's serum albumin level
Fosphenytoin (2) - Answer✔✔--Prodrug that is converted to phenytoin
-Can be given IM
Hypersensitivity syndrome and phenytoin - Answer✔✔--Can occur about 3 to 8 weeks after
starting therapy
Gabapentin (4) - Answer✔✔--GABA analog
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