Exam (elaborations)
GLY 2010 Exam Latest Update
- Course
- Institution
GLY 2010 Exam Latest Update ...
[Show more]
Content preview
GLY 2010 Exam Latest UpdateAsthenosphere - Answer Upper layer of the earth's mantle, below the lithosphere. This
is where rocks become plastic and are easily deformed.
Climate - Answer The weather condition prevailing in an area in general or over a long
period of time
Climate System - Answer Complex, interactive system consisting of the atmosphere,
land surface, snow and ice, oceans and other bodies of water and living things
Convection - Answer The process in liquids and gases by which hot, less dense
materials rise upward, being replaced by cold, downward flowing fluids to create a
convection current
Core - Answer The spherical mass, largely of metallic iron, with admixtures of nickel,
sulfur, silicon, and other elements at the center of the earth
Crust - Answer The outermost and thinnest of the Earth's layers, which consists of rocky
matter that is less dense the rocks of the mantle below
Earth system - Answer An open system, which involves all part of our planet and all of
the interactions of those parts (climate system, plate tectonic system and geodynamo
system)
Fossil - Answer The naturally preserved remains of traces of an animal or plant
Geodesy - Answer study of Earth's shape and surface
Geodynamo - Answer Rapid motion of the liquid outer core stirs up electrical flow in the
solid inner core, causing Earth's magnetic field
Geological record - Answer Powerpoint
Geology - Answer The science of Earth
Geosystem - Answer The study of the natural features of the earth's surface, especially
in its current aspects, such as land formations, climate, etc
Inner core - Answer Earth's innermost part of a core, so a solid sphere in the middle of
the fluid core
Lithosphere - Answer The outer 100km of the solid Earth, where rocks are harder more
rigid than those in the plastic asthenosphere
Magnetic field - Answer Magnetic lines of force surrounding the Earth
,Mantle - Answer The thick shell of dense, rocky matter that surrounds the core
Outer Core - Answer A liquid layer about 2300 km thick and composed of iron and nickle
that lies above Earth's solid inner core and below it's mantle
Plate tectonic system - Answer Hot matter from mantle rises causing plates to form and
diverge. So wherever that plate converges a cooled plate is dragged underneath it. It
then sinks, warms and rises again
Principle of uniformitarianism - Answer The same external and internal processes we
recognize in action today have been operating unchanged, though at different rates,
throughout most of the Earth's history
Scientific method - Answer Question or Observe, Hypothesis, Experiment, Analyze Data,
and create conclusion
Goal for GLY2010: Explain how the universe works
Seismic wave - Answer An elastic wave in the earth produced by an earthquake or other
earth vibrations that travel through earth's SA.
Topography - Answer The relief and form of the land , Earth is about 20 km from highest
to lowest
Earth's layers: - Answer
Continental drift - Answer The slow, lateral movements of continents across the surface
of earth
"jig-saw puzzle" fit of continents(Alfred Wagner)
Examples: South Africa
Convergent boundary - Answer The destructive plate boundary because two plates are
moving towards each other and collide
3 TYPES:
Ocean-ocean: oceanic trench, volcanic island arc and deep earthquakes(created
Mariana Islands&Trench)
Ocean-continent:Volcanic mountain chain, folded mountains and deep
earthquakes(Andes mountains)
Continent-Continent:crustal thickening, folded mountains and earthquakes(Himalayan
mountains)
Divergent boundary - Answer Plates move away from each other and new crust is
forming from magma that rises to the Earth's surface between the two plates
2 TYPES:
, Oceanic plate separation:rifting, volcanoes, and earthquakes(Mid-Atlantic Ridge)
Continental plate separation:rift valleys, volcanoes, and earthquakes(East African Rift
Valley)
Island arc - Answer An arcuate chain of stratovolcanoes parallel to a sea-floor trench
and separated from it by a distance of 150 to 300 km
Isochron - Answer A line on a diagram or map connecting points relating to the same
time or equal times
Magnetic anomaly - Answer Seafloor areas of high and low magnetic values, as well as,
the symmetry around mid-ocean ridges
Magnetic time scale - Answer N/A
Mantle plume - Answer A large column of hot rock rising through the mantle, so the
rocks in the lithosphere melt
Mid-ocean ridge - Answer Continuous rocky ridges on the ocean floor, caused by
seafloor spreading
Pangaea - Answer The name given to a super-continent that formed by collision of all the
continental crust during the late Paleozoic (240 Ma formation began - then break up
started at 200Ma ago at the opening of the Atlantic ocean)
Plate tectonics - Answer The special branch of tectonics that deals with the processes
by which the lithosphere is moved laterally over the athenosphere
Relative plate velocity - Answer The motion of one lithospheric plate relative to another
(d/t)
EXAMPLES:
San Andreas Fault, western US-50mm/yr
South Atlantic(Mid-Atlantic Ridge)-34 to 35mm/yr
East Pacific Rise(Pacific and Nazca plates)-138 to 150mm/yr
Rodinia - Answer The supercontinent that formed and broke up in the
Neoproterozoic(1100 to 75Ma), which contained almost all of Earth's landmass
Seafloor spreading - Answer A process in which new ocean floor is created as molten
material from the earth's mantle rises in margins b/w plates or ridges and spreads out
Spreading center - Answer A linear zone in the sea floor along which magma rises and
from which adjacent plates are moving apart
Subduction - Answer The process that takes place at convergent boundaries by which
one tectonic plate moves under another tectonic plate and sinks into the mantle as the
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller Flat. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $10.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
77858 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now