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PLSC 1 Midterm questions and answers 100% correct (21)
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PLSC 1 Midterm questions and answers 100% correct (21)
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PLSC 1 Midterm questions and answers100% correct (21)
Harold Laswell defines politics as - correct answer ✔✔who gets what, when, and how
Political behavior - correct answer ✔✔Any activities of political actors as they participate in the
governmental system
Two distinct types of actors in the American political system - correct answer ✔✔Mass public & political
elites
Mass public - correct answer ✔✔citizens and actor who do not hold formal roles in politics
Political elites - correct answer ✔✔actors that possess power to influence the mass public as they
attempt to navigate the political environment
- some elites work inside the government, occupying roles specified in the Constitution i.e. the
president, senator, etc
- others enjoy prestigious positions in the media and in academia where they can provide information to
the mass public outside of holding formal office
Representative republican government - correct answer ✔✔elected representatives translate public
interest into policy
Pure democracy - correct answer ✔✔citizens represent themselves
Political institutions - correct answer ✔✔provide rules that constrain political behavior
- rules can be as formal as those that organize debates on the floor of Congress or as informal as the
norm of forming a line at the Post Office when traffic increases during the holiday season
Political scientists - correct answer ✔✔study the effects of institutional change over
,Political scientists use what to examine political phenomena in their research? - correct answer ✔✔The
scientific method
Institutionalists - correct answer ✔✔assess the efficacy of rules and norms, as the contentious nature of
politics interferes with the productivity of the political system
Collective dilemmas - correct answer ✔✔refer to situations in which individual goals deter the goals of a
group
4 types of collective dilemmas - correct answer ✔✔- collective action problems
- coordination problems
- prisoner's dilemmas
- principle-agent problems
Collective action problems - correct answer ✔✔arise when individuals. do not possess an incentive to
participate in pursuit of a group goal
- they free ride off the efforts of others, while assuming that their group members' work alone is
sufficient to achieve the group's goal
Public goods - correct answer ✔✔Goods, like clean air or clean water
- individuals can reap the benefits of this product and service without having to contribute to any extra
effort
Private goods - correct answer ✔✔exclusive to individuals who contribute effort to obtain them
Coordination problems - correct answer ✔✔emerge when individuals desire to cooperate with their
peers, but multiple potential solutions exist to solve a problem. thus there is a struggle to decide on a
single solution
, Prisoner's dilemmas - correct answer ✔✔occur when individuals are separated and have no means of
coordinating at all, resulting in a collective dilemma that likely produces the worst solution for both
parties involved.
Principal-agent problems - correct answer ✔✔transpire when one person, the principal, commissions
another, the agent, to carry out some task, the collective dilemma arises because the principal is not
capable of ensuring that the agent's behavior or actions are being directed to the task at hand.
What kind of collective dilemma happened due to COVID? - correct answer ✔✔A coordination problem
(most americans attempted to unite in order to face the common enemy however multiple solutions to
the problem of increasing infections existed)
What is the purpose of normative questions in political science? - correct answer ✔✔to address what
should be the case in politics
Declaration of Independence - correct answer ✔✔explains the motivation behind the colonists'
discontent and still serves as a powerful symbol of freedom in American politics.
1st section: justifies the colonists' rebellion based on their lack of consent for British imposition.
2nd section: articulates complaints about King George.
3rd section: formally establishes the colonists' independence.
Articles of Confederation - correct answer ✔✔the first governing document of the new nation; ratified in
1781.
- established only a legislative branch of government in which each state possessed a single vote
- prioritized liberty over governability, the legislature lacked any means of enforcing the law
- allowed rampant free riding to occur, creating a collective action problem on a large scale
Shay's Rebellion - correct answer ✔✔Rebellion led by Daniel Shays of farmers in western Massachusetts
in 1786-1787, protesting mortgage foreclosures. It highlighted the need for a strong national
government just as the call for the Constitutional Convention went out.
- this event highlighted the absence of an executive to enforce federal law and the inability of unicameral
legislature to raise revenue directly without first requesting the states collect the funds
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