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CLP 1006 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
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CLP 1006 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS...
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the paradox of progress - ANSWER the idea that the more societymoves forward, the more problems are created.
examples of the paradox of progress - ANSWER 1) We have many time-
saving devices, but still we complain about not having enough time.
2)We have many more choices, but we still have difficulty choosing.
3) We have more control of the world around us, but causes problems
with our environment.
the search for direction - ANSWER due to feelings of anxiety and
uncertainty, which humans try to alleviate, can sometimes go awry, and
manifests itself in many ways. (ex. self-help books and self-realization
programs)
behavior - ANSWER any overt (observable) response or activity by an
organism.
psychology - ANSWER the science that studies behavior and the
physiological and mental processes that underlie it, and it is the
profession that applies the accumulated knowledge of this science to
practical problems.
what is psychology concerned with? - ANSWER the mental processes
—the thoughts, feelings, and wishes— that accompany behavior.
how did psychology grow? - ANSWER the demands of World War II in
the 1940s stimulated rapid growth of clinical psychology.
adjustment - ANSWER the psychological processes through which
people manage or cope with the demands and challenges of everyday
life.
,what does adjustment relate to? - ANSWER -how personality affects
people's patterns of adjustment and how individuals cope with stress
-prejudice, persuasion, friendship, love, gender roles, career
development, and sexuality.
-psychological disorders and their treatment
empiricism - ANSWER the premise that knowledge should be acquired
through observation.
the basis of empiricism - ANSWER conclusions are based on systematic
observation rather than on reasoning, speculation, traditional beliefs, or
common sense.
experimental research - ANSWER the act of applying experimental
research methods to the study of human behavior.
experiment - ANSWER a research method in which an investigator
manipulates one or more factors to observe the effect on some behavior
or mental process
experiemental group - ANSWER consists of the subjects who receive
some special treatment in regard to the independent variable.
control group - ANSWER consists of similar subjects who do not receive
the special treatment given to the experimental group.
independent variable - ANSWER a condition or event that an
experimenter varies in order to see its impact on another variable
dependent variable - ANSWER thought to be affected by the
manipulations of the independent variable.
correlational research - ANSWER a type of nonexperimental research in
which the researcher measures two variables and assesses the
statistical relationship between them with little or no effort to control
extraneous variables.
, correlation - ANSWER exists when two variables are related to each
other.
the definitive aspect of correlational studies - ANSWER researchers
cannot control the variables under study
correlation coefficient - ANSWER a numerical index of the degree of
relationship that exists between two variable
positive correlation - ANSWER two variables covary in the same
direction.
negative correlation - ANSWER indicates that two variables covary in
the opposite direction.
the size of the coefficient indicates - ANSWER the strength of the
association between two variables
A coefficient near 0 - ANSWER there is no relationship between the
variables
closer the correlation to ___________, the stronger the relationship -
ANSWER -1.00 or +1.00
naturalistic observation - ANSWER observing and recording behavior in
naturally occurring situations without trying to manipulate and control the
situation
case study - ANSWER an in-depth investigation of an individual subject.
surveys - ANSWER structured questionnaires or interviews designed to
solicit information about specific aspects of participants' behavior,
attitudes, and beliefs.
hedonic adaptation - ANSWER when the mental scale that people use to
judge good and bad of their experience shifts neutral points
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