NBRC TMC/CRT/RRT EXAM LATEST QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS WITH RATIONALE|+A GRADE.
VIRSION V1
1. After A Patient Undergoes A Thoracentesis, The Respiratory Therapist Notes That The
Obtained Pleural Fluid Is Clear With A Slight Straw Color. This Fluid Is Most Likely The
Result Of:
A. Empyema.
B. Congestive Heart Failure.
C. Lung Carcinoma.
D. Hemothorax.
ANS: B.
Rationale: Clear, Straw-Colored Pleural Fluid Typically Indicates A Transudate, Which Is
Often Associated With Conditions Like Congestive Heart Failure. In Contrast, Empyema
Usually Presents As Turbid Or Purulent Fluid, While Hemothorax Is Characterized By
Bloody Fluid.
2. Which Of The Following Would Be Most Important To Evaluate For A Patient Who Is
Entering A Smoking Cessation Program?
A. Height
B. Smoking History
C. Weight
D. Diet
ANS: B.
Rationale: Understanding A Patient's Smoking History Is Crucial For Tailoring The
Cessation Program, Assessing The Extent Of Dependence, And Providing Appropriate
Support.
3. The Respiratory Therapist Is Calibrating A Spirometer And Checking The Volume With A
3.0-Liter Super Syringe. The Volumes Recorded Are: 2.85 L, 2.8 L, And 2.8 L. Based Upon
The Information Obtained, Which Of The Following Is A Correct Statement?
A. Another Syringe Needs To Be Used
B. Spirometer Is Accurate
C. The Plunger Was Advanced Too Slowly
D. Spirometer May Have A Leak
ANS: D.
Rationale: The Recorded Volumes Are Lower Than The Known Volume Of The Syringe,
Suggesting A Potential Leak In The Spirometer, Which Would Cause Inaccurate Readings.
,4. Which Of The Following Is An Indication For High-Frequency Jet Ventilation?
A. Bronchopleural Fistula
B. Wilson Mikity Syndrome
C. Necrotizing Lesion Of Right Lung
D. Centrilobular Emphysema
ANS: A.
Rationale: High-Frequency Jet Ventilation Is Often Used In Cases Where Traditional
Ventilation Methods Are Ineffective, Such As With A Bronchopleural Fistula, Where
Maintaining Adequate Ventilation Is Critical.
5. A 43-Year-Old Female Patient Has Just Undergone A Total Abdominal Hysterectomy. The
Patient Arrives In The Post-Anesthesia Care Unit Obtunded With Minimal Response To
Painful Stimulus. What Treatment Should The Respiratory Therapist Recommend For This
Patient?
A. Initiate Assisted Ventilation
B. Insert Oropharyngeal Airway
C. Obtain Positron Emission Tomography
D. Initiate Noninvasive Capnography
ANS: B.
Rationale: In An Obtunded Patient, An Oropharyngeal Airway Is Indicated To Maintain A
Patent Airway, Especially In The Presence Of Reduced Consciousness.
6. A 44-Week Gestational Age Infant Has Just Been Delivered Via C-Section And Is
Gasping, Grunting, And Has Tachycardia And Tachypnea. At One Minute His Apgar Score
Is 4 And At 5 Minutes The Score Is 5. The Infant Is Most Likely Suffering From:
A. Transient Tachypnea Of The Newborn.
B. Meconium Aspiration.
C. Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia.
D. Apnea Of Prematurity.
ANS: B.
Rationale: The Combination Of Gasping, Grunting, And Low Apgar Scores Indicates
Respiratory Distress, Commonly Seen With Meconium Aspiration Syndrome In Newborns.
7. What Is The Normal VD/VT Ratio For A Patient Breathing Room Air?
,A. 5 - 15%
B. 20 - 40%
C. 45 - 55%
D. 65 - 75%
ANS: B.
Rationale: The Normal Physiological Dead Space To Tidal Volume Ratio (VD/VT) In
Healthy Adults Is Typically Around 20-40%, Reflecting The Portion Of Ventilated Air That
Does Not Participate In Gas Exchange.
8. A Heat Moisture Exchanger Is Indicated For Humidification In Which Of The Following
Situations?
A. Mechanical Ventilation In A Long-Term Care Facility.
B. Transport To A Tertiary Care Center.
C. Patient With Tenacious Secretions.
D. Delivery Of Aerosolized Bronchodilators.
ANS: B.
Rationale: Heat Moisture Exchangers Are Particularly Useful During Transport, As They
Conserve Heat And Moisture Without Needing Additional Equipment.
9. All Of The Following Could Cause A Patient's Right Hemidiaphragm To Be Elevated,
EXCEPT:
A. Right Lower Lobe Atelectasis.
B. Right Side Hyperlucency, Absent Vascular Markings.
C. Hepatomegaly.
D. Right Lower Lobe Consolidation With Air Bronchograms.
ANS: B.
Rationale: Hyperlucency With Absent Vascular Markings Typically Suggests A
Pneumothorax, Which Would Not Elevate The Diaphragm But Could Actually Push It Down.
10. A 64-Year-Old, 70 Kg (154 Lb) Man With Severe COPD Is Receiving Independent
(Differential) Lung Ventilation Following Thoracotomy And Right Lower Lobectomy.
Which Of The Following Setting Combinations Would Be Most Appropriate For This
Patient?
A. Right Lung 50 Ml; Left Lung 650 Ml
B. Right Lung 150 Ml; Left Lung 550 Ml
C. Right Lung 350 Ml; Left Lung 350 Ml
D. Right Lung 550 Ml; Left Lung 150 Ml
, ANS: B.
Rationale: In Differential Lung Ventilation, The Settings Should Accommodate The
Remaining Lung's Capacity While Ensuring Adequate Ventilation For The Impaired Side.
11. A Patient In The Intensive Care Unit Has The Following Hemodynamic Measurements:
CVP (Mm Hg) 5
PAP (Mm Hg) 29/8
PCWP (Mm Hg) 8
BP (Mm Hg) 130/70
Cardiac Output (L/Min) 5.1
Cardiac Index (L/Min/M2) 2.7
What Is The Pulse Pressure?
A. 15 Mm Hg
B. 21 Mm Hg
C. 60 Mm Hg
D. 90 Mm Hg
ANS: C.
Rationale: Pulse Pressure Is Calculated As The Difference Between Systolic And Diastolic
Blood Pressure (130 - 70 = 60 Mm Hg).
12. A 2-Year-Old Child With Croup Has Been Intubated For 4 Days With A 4 Mm ID
Uncuffed Endotracheal Tube. Heated Aerosol At An FIO2 Of 0.30 Has Been Delivered To
The Patient. The Physician Asks The Respiratory Therapist To Evaluate The Patient For
Possible Extubation. Which Of The Following Would Most Likely Indicate That The Patient
Is Ready For Extubation?
A. The Patient Is Making Normal Quiet Ventilatory Efforts.
B. A Negative Sputum Culture And Sensitivity Has Been Reported.
C. The Patient's ABG Are Within Normal Range.
D. Breath Sounds Are Heard Around The Tube On Auscultation.
ANS: D.
Rationale: Breath Sounds Around The Tube Indicate That The Airway Is Clear And The
Patient May Be Ready For Extubation, As There Is Effective Ventilation.
13. A Patient Is Seen In The Emergency Department For Complaints Of Nausea And
Vomiting. A Nasogastric Tube Has Been Inserted And The Patient Is Started On Lasix.
Which Of The Following Should The Respiratory Therapist Monitor?
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