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Jarvis HA CH 21 Abdomen Q&A, Exam 3 total
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Jarvis HA CH 21 Abdomen Q&A, Exam 3 total
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Jarvis HA CH 21 Abdomen Q&A, Exam 3total 2024-2025
What problem does the nurse expect to find in a patient with dysphagia?
Difficulty in swallowing
Loss of weight and appetite
Intolerance to milk products
Burning sensation in the esophagus - Answers -Difficulty in swallowing
Dysphagia may be related to disorders of the throat or esophagus, and therefore, a
patient with dysphagia will have difficulty swallowing. The patient with anorexia has a
loss of appetite leading to weight loss. Anorexia may occur due to gastrointestinal
disease, as a side effect to some medications, with pregnancy, or with mental health
disorders. Lactase deficiency leads to intolerance to milk products, and a patient with
this deficiency may experience bloating or flatulence after consuming milk products.
Pyrosis or heartburn is a burning sensation in the esophagus or stomach due to the
reflux of gastric acid.
what does the examiner find on assessing the abdomen of a patient with ascites? -
Answers -presence of glistening, taut skin
the examiner is assessing an infant who was brought to the clinic for failure to gain
weight despite frequent feedings and projectile vomiting. on inspection, the examiner
notes visible peristalsis and palpates a small, round mass in the infant's upper right
abdominal quadrant. the examiner suspects the infant will be diagnoses with which
condition? - Answers -pyloric stenosis
The examiner is preparing to assess the abdomen of a patient. What measures must
the examiner take while examining the abdominal muscles? - Answers -place a pillow
under the head and the knees
ask the patient to maintain a supine position
obtain the abdominal history during palpation
,While caring for a patient with a feeding tube, which assessment must the nurse use to
confirm the feeding tube's position?
Obtain a chest x-ray
Auscultate the lungs
Auscultate the abdomen
Visualize gastric aspirates - Answers -Obtain a chest x-ray
It is mandatory for the nurse to confirm the position of the feeding tube by obtaining a
chest x-ray. The nurse must continuously assess the tube by measuring the external
portion of the tube and testing the pH of the gastric aspirates. The nurse must not
auscultate the lungs or abdomen to determine the placement of the tube. The
auscultation of an air bolus can wrongly suggest that the tube is correctly placed in the
stomach. This can lead to serious harm resulting from administration of feeding material
into the lung. Visualizing the gastric aspirates will only help to determine if the aspirate
is gastric or intestinal in origin.
Which statements would the nurse include when teaching an aging adult about
prevention of constipation? Select all that apply.
"Include high-fat food in the diet."
"Include low-fiber foods in the diet."
Correct
"Do not retain stool deliberately."
Correct
"Participate in physical exercise."
Correct
"Drink an adequate quantity of water." - Answers -"Do not retain stool deliberately."
Correct
"Participate in physical exercise."
Correct
"Drink an adequate quantity of water."
,In order to prevent constipation, the patient should drink adequate water to ease
digestion and prevent hardening of stools. The aging adult often retains stool
deliberately due to difficulty in ambulating to the toilet. This makes the stool hard and
difficult to pass. Therefore, the nurse should encourage the patient to use the toilet
when required. Because lack of mobility and physical exercise leads to constipation, the
nurse should ask the patient to engage in physical activity to promote bowel
movements. The nurse should not encourage increased intake of high-fat food, which
can lead to obesity. The patient should include high-fiber food in the diet to prevent
constipation.
The nurse observes rebound tenderness in the abdomen of a patient. What condition
does this finding indicate?
Appendicitis
Gastric ulcer
Pancreatitis
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) - Answers -Appendicitis
the examiner is performing an admission assessment and notes an enlarged organ
inferior to the left coastal margin. which assessment find would prompt the examiner to
suspect the enlarged organ is the kidney? - Answers -percussion is resonant
the examiner is assessing a patient who reports sudden onset of flank pain. what is the
most probably cause of the pain? - Answers -kidney stones
What does the nurse find on assessing the abdomen of a patient with ascites?
Presence of crusts and redness
Presence of an everted umbilicus
Presence of bluish periumbilical color
Presence of a deeply sunken umbilicus - Answers -Presence of an everted umbilicus
The umbilicus is normally midline and inverted, with no sign of discoloration,
inflammation, or hernia. In a patient with ascites, the umbilicus gets pushed up and
becomes everted. When the umbilicus is pierced, there may be redness or crusts.
Bluish periumbilical color occurs very rarely with intraperitoneal bleeding. A deeply
sunken umbilicus occurs with obesity, because it adheres to the peritoneum and layers
of fat are superficial to it.
, What symptoms are expected if a patient with lactose intolerance consumes milk
products? Select all that apply.
Pyrosis
Bloating
Flatulence
Constipation
Abdominal pain - Answers -Bloating
Flatulence
Abdominal pain
Patients with lactose intolerance have high lactase activity at birth, which declines to low
levels by adulthood. A lactose-intolerant patient is likely to experience bloating,
flatulence, and abdominal pain after consuming milk products. This reaction occurs due
to the absence or deficiency of the enzyme lactase, which is required for the absorption
of the carbohydrate lactose. Pyrosis, or heartburn, is a burning sensation in the
esophagus and stomach due to the reflux of gastric acid. It is not caused by lactose
intolerance. Common causes of constipation include decreased physical activity,
inadequate intake of water, a low-fiber diet, and certain medications. Lactose
intolerance does not cause constipation.
While assessing a patient's bowel habits, the nurse learns that the patient had passed
gray stools. What is the most probable cause of this finding?
Use of iron medication
Presence of jaundice or hepatitis
Localized bleeding around the anus
Presence of gastrointestinal bleeding - Answers -Presence of jaundice or hepatitis
A patient with jaundice or hepatitis is likely to pass gray stools following inflammation of
the liver. Using iron medications usually causes black, nontarry stools. The presence of
red blood in stools indicates localized bleeding. Gastrointestinal bleeding results in tarry,
black stools due to the presence of occult blood or melena.
the examiner is preparing to examine the abdomen of a patient who is supine on the
examination table. what observation does the examiner associate with abdominal pain?
- Answers -shallow respirations
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