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MCB 2610 Chapter 6 Question and answers rated A+ 2024/2025
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MCB 2610 Chapter 6 Question and answers rated A+ 2024/2025 MCB 2610 Chapter 6 Nutritional requirements of microorganisms What do microorganisms generally need to grow? - correct answer Macronutreints-all cells need acess to large quantities of carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur and O2...

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  • October 16, 2024
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MCB 2610 Chapter 6
Nutritional requirements of microorganisms


What do microorganisms generally need to grow? - correct answer
✔Macronutreints-all cells need acess to large quantities of carbon, nitrogen,
phosphorus, sulfur and O2 to build macromolecules


Micronutrients- also a requirement for microbes:
*including several metal ions (Na+, Mg 2+, Mn2+,ect....)
* often required for protein stucture/activity, biosynthesis of ATP via ETC


Elemental Makeup of Important Cell Molecules - correct answer ✔Molecule
Element
Proteins CHONS
Lipids CHOP
Carbohydrates CHO
Nucleic Acid CHONP


Elements of Life-2 - correct answer ✔-Micronutrients (trace elements)
* Mn, Zn, Co, Mo, Ni and Cu
* required in TRACE amnts
* supplied in water or in media components
* serve as part of enzyme and cofactors
* Aid in catalysis of reactions & maintenance of protein structure

,-some organisms also need unique substances (ie. diatoms need silicic acid
to construct their silica walls)


- Need a balanced mix of nutrients if one of the nutrients is in short supply -->
limited growth


All organisms require Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen and Electrons - correct
answer ✔Carbon is the backbone of all organic components present in a cell


Hydrogen and oxygen are also found in organic molecules


e- play a role in energy production used for cellular work and reduction of CO2
to form organic molecules


Nutiritonal requirements of microorganisms - correct answer ✔Aquisition of
nutrients
-Autotrophs assimilate carbon from inorganic sources
-Heterotrophs assimilate carbon in preexisting organic form


Nutritional Requirements of microorganisms


Aquisition of Energy - correct answer ✔-phototrophs capture light energy to
produce ATP


- Chemotrophs capture energy from oxidation of reduced organic or inorganic
compunds


Nutritional Requirements of microorganisms

, Electron Sources - correct answer ✔organotrophs-acquire their e- from
organic molecules (e.g glucose)


lithotrophs (rock eaters) acquire e- from inorganic sources (ie. H2 gas and
elemental sulfur)


Microorganisms May Change Nutritional Type - correct answer ✔some
organisms have metabolic flexibility and alter their metabolism in response to
enviornmental changes (ie. when O2 limited --> switch to use light as a source
of energy)


provides distinct advantages in oranisms that experience frequent
enviornmental conditions


Microorganisms also have an absolute requirement for Nitrogen, Phosphorus
and Sulfur - correct answer ✔These elements are needed for synthesis of
important molecules (e.g, amino acids, nucleic acids)


Nitrogen - correct answer ✔needed for amino acids, bases (DNA), some
carbohydrates, lipids, enzyme cofactors etc...


supplied via metabolism of amino acids, nitrates, ammonia and some N2 from
atmosphere


Phosphorus and Sulfur - correct answer ✔Phosphorus is needed for nucleic
acids, phospholipids, nucleotides, cofactors & some proteinds


usually supplied as inorganic phosphate

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