BTE 210 Final Exam Professor Korogods
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ky/exam study guide/questions and answ
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TypesysofysComputersys-yscorrectysanswers-
supercomputers,ysmainframeyscomputers,ysminicomputersys(midrangeyscomputers),ysDeskt
opysPC,ysthinysclientyssystems,ysandysLaptopys+ysNotebook
Whatysisysayssupercomputer?ys-yscorrectysanswers-
Itysisystheysfastestyscomputerysavailableysatysanyysgivenystime;yshighyscostsyssoysnormallyysusedysb
yyslargeysorganizationysforysbigysdatayssets,ysex:ysmilitary,ysweather,ysscience
Whatysisysaysmainframeyscomputer?ys-yscorrectysanswers-
Atystheyshighysendysofysperformanceysandysreliability;yscanyshandleysmillionsysofystransactionsyspe
rysday
Whatysisysaysmidrangeys(minicomputer)?ys-yscorrectysanswers-
Largerysmidrangeyscomputerysthatysareysrelativelyyssmall,ysinexpensive,ysandyscompact;ysperfor
mystheyssameysfunctionysasysmainframe,ysbutystoysaysmoreyslimitedysextent
WhatysisysaysdesktopysPC?ys-yscorrectysanswers-
Microcomputeryssystemysforysbusinessysandyshome,ysincludesysaysCPUysandysaysseparateysbutys
connectedysmonitorysandyskeyboard
Whatysisysaysthin-clientyssystem?ys-yscorrectysanswers-
don'tysofferysfullysfunctionalityysofysaysPC,ysdon'tyshaveyslocallyysinstalledyssoftware,yscheaper,ysph
ysicallyystheyysareysveryyssimilarystoysayslaptop
Whatysisysayslaptop/notebook?ys-yscorrectysanswers-
small,yseasilyystransportable,yslightweightysmicrocomputersysthatysfityscomfortablyysintoysaysbrie
fcase.ysLightweight,ysenergy-
efficient,ysportable.ysNetbooksysareysgenerallyysoptimizedysforysInternet-
basedysservicesyssuchysasysWebysbrowsingysandyse-mail.
Whatysisysaysmicrocomputer?ys-yscorrectysanswers-PCs,yssmallestysandysleastysexpensive
Whatysareysinformationyssystems?ys-yscorrectysanswers-Canysbeysdividedysintoysthreeysphasesys-
ysinputys(inputysdevices),ysprocessys(processor),ysandysoutputys(outputysdevices)ysINPUTys—
>ysPROCESSys—>ysOUTPUT
Whatysdoesysanysinformationyssystemysconsistysof?ys-yscorrectysanswers-
CPU,ysCommunicationsysDevices,ysSecondaryysStorageys(MagneticysDisk,ysOpticalysDisk,ysan
,dysMagneticysTape),ysPrimaryysStorage,ysOutputysDevices,ysInputysDevices,ysBusesys(wiresysth
atysconnectyscomponentsysofystheysmotherboard)
Whatysareysexamplesysofysinputysdevices?ys-yscorrectysanswers-
Keyboard,ysMouse,ysWebcam,ysMicrophone,ysScanner,ysNumericysPad
Whatysareysexamplesysofysoutputysdevices?ys-yscorrectysanswers-
Printers,ysVideoysdisplay,ysaudioysoutput,ysplotterys(large-formatysprinter)
Whatysareystheysmainyscomponentsysofysayscomputer?ys-yscorrectysanswers-
SystemysFan,ysPowerysSupply,ysMotherboard,ysCPU,ysRamysModules,ysOpticalysDrive,ysHardys
Drive,ysHeatysSink,ysFloppy
WhatysisystheysCPUys(CentralysProcessingysUnit)?ys-yscorrectysanswers--
Manipulatesystheysdataysandyscontrolystheystasksysperformedysbyystheysotheryscomponents
-Theys"brain"ysofystheyscomputeryssystemysisyscalledystheys"centralysprocessingysunit
WhatysdoesystheysCPUysconsistysof?ys-yscorrectysanswers-ArithmeticysLogicysUnitys(ALU)-
simpleysmathysandyslogic:yscomparison
ControlysUnitys(CU)-yscontrolsysallyscomputerysparts
CacheysMemory-ysregistersysonyscacheysareyswhereyscomputationystakesysplace
Whatysisystheysprimaryysstorage?ys-yscorrectysanswers-
Itystemporarilyysstoresysdataysandysprogramysinstructionsysduringysprocessing;ysRAM,ysROMysso
ftwareysoperatesyshere
Typesysofysprimaryysmemoryys(mainysmemory)ys-yscorrectysanswers-registerysmemoryys-
yspartysofystheysCPU.ysHasystheysleastyscapacityysandysstoresysdataysonlyysimmediatelyysbeforeysan
dysafterysprocessing.yslocatedyscloserystoysCPUysthanystheysRAM
cacheysmemoryys-
ysHighysspeedysmemoryysthatysenablesystheyscomputerystoystemporarilyysstoreysblocksysofysdatayst
hatysareysusedysmoreysfrequently
randomysaccessysmemoryys(RAM)ys-
ysholdsysayssoftwareysprogramysandyssmallysamountsysofysdataysforysprocessing
,readysonlyysmemoryys(ROM)ys-
ystypeysofyschipyswhereyscertainyscriticalysinstructionsysareysheldysandysretainsystheseysinstruction
sysevenyswhenystheyscomputerysisysoffysMANUFACTURERysINSTALLSysTHIS
Typesysofyssecondaryysstorageys-yscorrectysanswers-Magneticystapeys-
ysonysayslargeysopenysreelysorysinysayssmalleryscartridgeysoryscassette
magneticysdiscsys-ysmostyswidelyysused
solidysstateysdrivesys(SSD)ys-
ysserveystheyssameyspurposeysasysayshardysdriveysandysstoreysdataysinysmemoryyschips,ysbutysdoysn
otyshaveysmovingysparts
Opticalysstorageysdevicesys-yslaserysreadsystheyssurfaceysofysaysreflectiveysplasticysplatter
Flashysmemoryys(memoryyscards)ys-
ysnonvolatileyselectronicysstorageysdevicesyswithysnoysmovingyspartsysandysuseys30xyslessysbatter
yyspowerysthanyshardysdrives
SSDysvs.ysHDDys-yscorrectysanswers-SSDysnoysmovingyspartsys(lessyslikelyystoysbreakys)ys-
ysFasterysthanysHDDys-ysmoreysexpensiveys-yslighterys-
ysrunyscoolerysthanysHDDys,ysloweryspowerysconsumptionysthanysHDD.
Whatysareyscommunicationysdevices?ys-yscorrectysanswers-Bluetooth,ysetc.
Whatysisysaysheatyssink?ys-yscorrectysanswers-
AysspeciallyysdesignedyspieceysofysmetalysthatysdrawsysheatysawayysfromystheysCPU.
WhatysareysRAMysmodules?ys-yscorrectysanswers-
Theyysareysonystheysmotherboardysinyseitherys8ysGBysorys16ysGBysconfiguration
WhatysisysRAMys(RandomysAccessysMemory)?ys-yscorrectysanswers-
Theyshardwareysinysayscomputingysdeviceyswhereystheysoperatingyssystemys(OS),ysapplicationysp
rogramsysandysdataysinyscurrentysuseysareyskeptyssoystheyyscanysbeysquicklyysreachedysbyystheysde
vice'sysprocessor
WhatysisysROMys(ReadysOnlyysMemory)?ys-yscorrectysanswers-
memoryyschipsysthatyscannotysbeyswrittenystoysoryserasedysandyscontainsysinformationyssuppliedys
byystheysmanufacturer
Whatysisystheyssecondaryysstorage?ys-yscorrectysanswers-
Itysstoresysdataysandysprogramsysforysfutureysuse;yswhereysdataysisysstoredys(magneticysdisk,ysopti
, calysdisk,ysmagneticystape),ysspinsysclockwiseysandyscounterysclockyswiseysandysmagneticysarms
ysexpandsysandyscontractsyslookingysforysfiles
Whatysisysaysbit?ys-yscorrectysanswers-
Theyssmallestysunitysofysinformationysconsistingysofyseitherysays1ysorysays0,yson/offysswitch
Howysmanyysbitsysareysinysaysbyte?ys-yscorrectysanswers-8
Whatysisysaysbyte?ys-yscorrectysanswers-
aysgroupysofys8ysbits;ysSMALLESTysADDRESSABLEysUNITysOFysDATA
Whoyscreatedystheysbinaryysalphabet?ys-yscorrectysanswers-ASCII
Conversionsysofysbytesysandysbitsys-yscorrectysanswers-1ysbyteys=ys8ysbits
1024ysbytesys=ys1yskilobyte
1024yskilobytesys=ys1ysmegabyte
Megabyteys-ysGigabyteys-ysTerabyteys-ysPetabyteys-ysExabyteys-ysZettabyte
Whatysisysayssoftwareysprogram?ys-yscorrectysanswers-
Aysseriesysofysstatementsysorysinstructionsystoystheyscomputer
Whatysareystheystwoysmainystypesysofyscomputeryssoftware?ys-yscorrectysanswers-
systemyssoftwareysandysapplicationyssoftware
WhatysareystheysthreeysclassesysofysSYSTEMysSOFTWARE?ys-yscorrectysanswers-
Systemysmanagementysprogram,yssystemyssupportysprograms,ysandyssystemysdevelopmentys
programs
WhatysareystheystwoysclassesysofysAPPLICATIONysSOFTWARE?ys-yscorrectysanswers-
Generalyspurposeysapplicationysandysapplication-specificysprograms
Whatysisyssystemyssoftware?ys-yscorrectysanswers-
Softwareysusedystoysmanageysandyscontrolystheysoperationysofystheyscomputer.ysItysdoesn'tysperfo
rmysaystaskysforystheysuserys(Ex:ysOperatingyssystems,ysProgrammingyslanguages,ysandyssystem
yspreferences)
Whatysisysapplicationyssoftware?ys-yscorrectysanswers-
endysuseryssoftwareysthatysisysusedystoysaccomplishysaysvarietyysofystasksys(Ex:ysWord,ysExcel,ysP
owerPoint)
Consistsysofysinstructionsysthatysdirectysayscomputeryssystemystoysperformysspecificinformation-
processingysactivitiesysandystoysprovideysfunctionalityysforysusers.
Whatysisystheysmostysessentialystypeysofyssystemyssoftware?ys-yscorrectysanswers-OS
