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mcb 2610 exam 3 Question and answers 100% correct 2024/2025
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mcb 2610 exam 3 Question and answers 100% correct 2024/2025 mcb 2610 exam 3 movement of materials into cell - correct answer PTS siderophores PTS- phototransferase system - correct answer - phosphorelay system -PEP transfers sugars inside the cell carries a high energy phosphate group...

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  • October 17, 2024
  • 27
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
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mcb 2610 exam 3
movement of materials into cell - correct answer ✔PTS
siderophores


PTS- phototransferase system - correct answer ✔- phosphorelay system
-PEP transfers sugars inside the cell carries a high energy phosphate group
- phosphate is transferred to enzyme 1
- Enzyme 1 transfers it to HPR
- PEP becomes pyruvate bc no phosphate
-HPr passes it to enzyme 2A
- passed to 2B
- 2c transports glucose into the cell and then is phosphrylated


sugar phosphate and pyruvate now inside cell


siderophores - correct answer ✔since iron uptake is difficult bc of the
insoluble nature of ferric iron,
- siderophores are secreted and complexed with ferric iron and then becomes
able to transport into cell


bacterial cell wall is made of - correct answer ✔peptidoglycan (murein)


peptidoglycan - correct answer ✔rigid structure that lies just outside of the
cell membrane
- it is the site of action of several antibiotics like penicillin

,two types of peptidoglycan stains - correct answer ✔gram positive- stains
purple single thick peptidoglycan
gram negative- stains pink or red and has thin peptidoglycan with outer
membran and periplasmic space


function of cell wall - correct answer ✔maintains shape
protects from osmotic lysis
protects from toxic material
contributes to ability to cases disease


peptidoglycan structure - correct answer ✔its a meshlike polymer of identical
subunits that form long strands


what are peptidoglycan made of - correct answer ✔disaccharide backbone
with peptide chain linked to NAM subunit


two alternating sugars
four alternating d or l amino acids


sugars and amino acids of peptidoglycan - correct answer ✔NAG: N-
acetylglucosamine
NAM: N- acetyl muramic acid


D- and L- amino acids
- D not found in proteins to protect against degradation by peptidases
- peptide chain varies by species

, a way to differentiate bacterial species by cell wall - correct answer ✔the
peptide chain on the NAM
the way the peptides are crosslinked


how does the cell wall form - correct answer ✔1. NAM is synthesized in the
cytoplasm and linked to UDP
2. NAM is linked to bactoprenol
3. NAG is added to NAM
4. Bactoprenol flips NAM-NAG to periplasm
5. Disaccharide added to existing chain. crosslinking occurs
6. bactoprenol flips back to cytoplasm
but the cell well is outside


lysozyme secretions - correct answer ✔cleaves the backbone of
peptidoglycan between the dissacharides


lysostaphin secretions - correct answer ✔cleaves the crossbridge between
peptide chains of certain Staph species only


B lactan antibiotics - correct answer ✔degrades cell wall by preventing
peptidoglycan crosslinking which weakens the cell wall structure


what happens when you weaken the cell wall? - correct answer ✔the cell
cant resist osmotic pressure changes
shape is lost in isotonic conditions
internal pressure causes lysis in hypotonic conditions


gram stain - correct answer ✔1. bacteria stained with crystal violet

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