Class notes
BSC 2086C Comprehensive Part 2 Notes
- Course
- BSC 2086C
- Institution
- Florida State College At Jacksonville
This is a comprehensive and detailed note part 2 for BSC 2086C. *Essential Study Material!!
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Human Anatomy and Physiology II part 2The nervous system is a complex system of organs, tissues, and cells that work together to
allow an organism to sense and respond to its environment.
It can be divided into two main parts: the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral
nervous system (PNS).
Central Nervous System:
The CNS consists of the brain and spinal cord.
The brain is the body’s control center, receiving information from the senses and coordinating a
response.
The spinal cord is a long, thin bundle of nerve tissue that runs from the base of the brain down
through the back.
Together, the brain and spinal cord are responsible for processing sensory information, initiating
and coordinating movement, and regulating bodily functions.
Peripheral Nervous System:
The PNS consists of all the other nerves in the body that are not part of the brain or spinal cord.
It can be further divided into the somatic nervous system and the autonomic nervous system.
The somatic nervous system controls voluntary movements, while the autonomic nervous
system controls involuntary functions such as heart rate, digestion, and breathing.
Neurons:
Neurons are the basic unit of the nervous system, responsible for transmitting information
throughout the body.
They consist of a cell body, dendrites (which receive information), and an axon (which transmits
information).
Neurons communicate with one another through synapses, which are small gaps between the
axon of one neuron and the dendrite of another.
Action Potential:
An action potential is a brief electrical signal that is transmitted down the axon of a neuron.
It is generated when a stimulus causes a rapid change in the membrane potential of the neuron.
The action potential allows for rapid communication between neurons, enabling the nervous
system to respond quickly to changes in the environment.
Neurotransmitters:
Neurotransmitters are chemicals that transmit signals between neurons.
They are stored in vesicles at the end of the axon, and are released into the synapse when an
action potential reaches the end of the axon.
Neurotransmitters bind to receptors on the dendrites of other neurons, causing a change in the
membrane potential and transmitting the signal to the next neuron.
Topic: Endocrine System
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