Test Bank Solution Eosc 114- Impacts Already Passed
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Eosc 114- Impacts
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Eosc 114- Impacts
Test Bank Solution Eosc 114- Impacts Already Passed
The Biosphere - Answers - a thin layer of life on Earth's surface
- composed of ecosystems
Stratigraphy - Answers study of layers of rock
biostratigraphy - Answers part of stratigraphy that identifies the relative ages of rock layers using fo...
Test Bank Solution Eosc 114- Impacts Already Passed
The Biosphere - Answers - a thin layer of life on Earth's surface
- composed of ecosystems
Stratigraphy - Answers study of layers of rock
biostratigraphy - Answers part of stratigraphy that identifies the relative ages of rock layers using fossils
Stratigraphy and Biostratigraphy - Answers - for studying the past
- biosphere composed of individual pieces that have evolved through time
- helps our understanding of the passage of time on Earth
- the passage of time is recorded in rock layers
Principle of Superstition - Answers in layered strata (sedimentary rocks, lava flows) "what's on top is the
youngest"
Principle of Original Horizontality - Answers if it's tilted or folded, it was originally flat
Principle of Lateral Continuity - Answers if it's here it's probably over there too
Principle of Cross-cutting Relationships - Answers if it cuts through, it's probably younger
Uniformitarianism (Hutton, 1700) - Answers the same natural laws and processes that operate in the
universe now have always operated in the universe in the past and apply everywhere in the universe
Principle of Faunal Succession (Smith, 1799) - Answers Fossils succeed each other vertically in a specific,
reliable order that can be identified over wide horizontal distances.
- strata of like age can be dated and correlated by the fossils they contain
Best Species for Biostratigraphy - Answers 1. Short fossil range = higher resolution
2. common
3. lived in environments where fossilization is likely to occur
4. present in many different environments
Geological time scale - Answers - divides the Earth's history into time periods
- many divisions based on extinction events
Geological periods - Answers 1. Precambrian (4.5 Ga, 87% of earth's history)
Radiation of New Species - Answers - rapid diversification into new forms/ species after a mass
extinction
- mass extinction makes new resources available, creates new challenges, opens new environmental
niches
- occurs at the base of new geological time periods/ groups of periods
What defines mass extinction? - Answers -at least 30% of species lost
-broad range of ecosystems
-short/sudden duration
Mass Extinction Causes (biological) - Answers - Competition, predation pathogens, biogeology (mosses
may have caused late Ordovician ice age and ensuing species extinction)
Mass Extinction Causes (Physical) - Answers - Changes in continental configuration causes changes in
climate, ocean cycles, sea level
Mass Extinction Causes (others) - Answers - Extraterrestrial
- Combination of many factors
Causes of Permo-triassic extinction - Answers 1. Continental configuration, super continent drop in
diversity
- less ecological niches = less diversity
2. sea level fall, less ocean ridge activity
3. Oceanic stagnation
- anoxia (lack of O2)
- Polar waters unable to sink, no ocean circulation
4. extraterrestrial bodes and other events
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