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68W ALC Phase 3, LPC With Complete Solutions
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68W ALC Phase 3, LPC With Complete Solutions
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Solution 2024/2025Pepper
68W ALC Phase 3, LPC With Complete
Solutions
pharmacology ANS✔✔ study of substances that interact with living organisms through chemical processes
medical pharmacology ANS✔✔ science of substances used to prevent, diagnose and treat disease
indication ANS✔✔ reason or condition for which a particular medication is given
dose ANS✔✔ amount of medication given within a specified period of time
single dose ANS✔✔ amount of medication administered at one time
maximum dose ANS✔✔ the largest amount of medication either as a single dose or within a period of time
cumulative dose ANS✔✔ sum of all single doses over either a lifetime or a period of time
strength ANS✔✔ amount of medication contained per tablet, capsule, suppository, etc
titration ANS✔✔ administering a medication with variable strength, interval, and quantity to achieve and maintain a
desired observable physiological effect (pain ctrl)
contraindication ANS✔✔ medical reason not to give a medication
absolute contraindication ANS✔✔ medical reason to NEVER give a medication
, Solution 2024/2025
Pepper
relative contraindication ANS✔✔ medical reason a medication should not be given, but may be acceptable in certain
circumstances
allergy ANS✔✔ immune response in which there is a hypersensitivity response induced by exposure to a particular
medication
side effect ANS✔✔ unintended, but not surprising consequence of a medication which may require a medication dose
be changed or discontinued
therapeutic effect ANS✔✔ desired change in physiology for administering the medication
therapeutic level ANS✔✔ blood level of a medication required to achieve the therapeutic effect
toxic level ANS✔✔ blood level of a medication which will cause tissue damage
therapeutic range ANS✔✔ variable blood levels of a medication between the therapeutic level and the toxic level
therapeutic window ANS✔✔ range of acceptable DOSAGES of a medication needed to keep blood levels within the
therapeutic range
peak ANS✔✔ when medication is at its highest concentration
trough ANS✔✔ lowest blood level of a medication between doses
half-life ANS✔✔ time it takes for the body to eliminate half the dose of medication
steady state ANS✔✔ relatively constant blood level of medication which is sustained after 5-6 half lives of a medication
, Solution 2024/2025
Pepper
tolerance ANS✔✔ when the body has adapted to having a medication regularly and now requires a higher or more
frequent doses to achieve the therapeutic effect
resistance ANS✔✔ when infectious organisms adapt to antibiotics and it takes either higher doses of same medication
or a change to a different medication to kill the organisms
metabolism ANS✔✔ process of the body to break down and eliminate medications most metabolized by the liver or
kidneys
dosing interval ANS✔✔ recommended time period between doses of a medication
onset ANS✔✔ time until a medication's therapeutic effect begins
duration of effect ANS✔✔ time until the medication's therapeutic effect wears off
duration of therapy ANS✔✔ length of time a course of medication is continued to ensure the desired effect is
maintained
dosing parameters ANS✔✔ the limitations, considerations, and instructions required regarding a medication; helps
achieve the desired physiological response minimize side effects
Body weight, Comorbidities, Age ANS✔✔ What are factors that affect dosing
Importance for patients to understand dosing parameters ANS✔✔ -too little: not achieve therapeutic effects
-too much: increased side effects/toxic levels
Antibiotics ANS✔✔ Medications which kill or inhibit the reproduction of bacteria
Gram Stain Testing ANS✔✔ Categorizes bacteria classification based upon chemical properties in the cell's membrane.
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