BIO311C Exam 2 Study Guide Test Questions And 100% Actual Answers.
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Course
BIO 311C
Institution
BIO 311C
Panspermia - Answer Explores whether life came from another planet or not, based on the proposal that meteors from space came with either simple living organisms or the complex molecules needed to start life on earth.
Abiogenises - Answer Life originated spontaneously from simple atoms and...
BIO311C Exam 2 Study Guide Test
Questions And 100% Actual Answers.
Panspermia - Answer Explores whether life came from another planet or not, based on the proposal
that meteors from space came with either simple living organisms or the complex molecules needed to
start life on earth.
Abiogenises - Answer Life originated spontaneously from simple atoms and molecules combining
under high temperature in the presence of water, lightning, limited availability of oxygen, and other
conditions of early earth.
Reducing Environment - Answer Favor the adding of electrons and may have helped to form complex
molecules from simple molecules. The energy to form complex molecules may have been provided by
high temperatures and UV radiation.
Miller and Urey Experiment - Answer Hydrogen, water, methane, and ammonia were added with high
power electrodes in order to simulate lightning to provide energy for further reactions. After cooling the
reaction products, they noticed that simple organic molecules including urea, organic acids, simple
sugars, and amino acids had been formed.
Substratum - Answer In addition to water and a reducing environment, the polymerization of
monomers may need a __________ or a solid base for attachment.
Protobionts - Answer Simple monomers and macromolecules can aggregate to form simple structures
called __________, which were essential for cells to evolve and to keep internal conditions separate
from the surrounding environment.
RNA - Answer What molecule can be used to store information and also to catalyze the synthesis of
other molecules?
Domains - Answer Eukara, Prokarya, Archaea
Kingdoms - Answer Protista, Fungi, Plantae, Animalia
, Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic - Answer The two types of cells are ___ (without nucleus) and ____ (with
nucleus).
Magnification - Answer How big something is in microscopy.
Resolution - Answer How clear something is in microscopy. AKA resolving power, it sets the practical
limits of magnification.
Light Microscope - Answer Light is focused on the specimen through a condenser lens, and light
passing through the specimen is refracted through the objective lens and ocular lens to magnify the
subject. Observes live specimens in their natural colors or with stains.
Transmission Electron Microscope - Answer Electron beams are aimed at a thin section of a specimen
stained with metal to absorb electrons and enhance the contrast. Electrons transmitted through the
specimen are focused and the image is magnified by electromagnetic lenses. Studies internal
ultrastructures and cross-sections of cells or structures.
Scanning Electron Microscope - Answer Electron beams scan the surface of a specimen coated with
gold. Scanning beams excite the secondary electrons on the sample surface, which are then collected
and focused by the electromagnetic lens. Used to view the surface features and the 3-D shape of
ultrastructures.
Centrifuges - Answer Are used to separate solutes in solution by using centripetal acceleration. Denser
things go to bottom, lighter things/solute goes to top.
Gel Electrophoresis - Answer Used to fractionate DNA, RNA, or protein molecules. Negative charges on
molecules make them migrate towards the anode through tiny pores in the gel. Different sizes move at
different speeds.
Bacterial Cells - Answer (prokaryotic) lack nucleus and all other membrane bound structures
Histones - Answer Proteins are attached to DNA
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