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Summary

Säure-Base Zusammenfassung

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Während der Lernphase vor dem Abi geschrieben und hat sehr geholfen.

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  • October 17, 2024
  • 4
  • 2023/2024
  • Summary
  • Secondary school
  • Gymnasium
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Säure-Base-Konzept nach Brönsted

Brönsted-Säure (BS): Protonendonator
Brönsted-Base (BB): Protonenakzeptor



2 B HIHI 0 ItOiag lag
BS BB

a.ua Ii
Die Salzsäure stellt den Protonendonator dar, weil sie das Wassersto atom abspaltet und es an das
Wasser überträgt.



2HzOw
Solche Protonenübertragungsreaktionen nach dem Donator/Akzeptor-Prinzip, werden Protolyse
genannt.

Autoprotolyse des Wassers und pH-Wert

Wasser reagiert manchmal mit sich selbst zu Hydroxid- und Hydronium-Ionen.
HsOTaaitOltiag




• Der pH-Wert kann die Werte 0-14 haben
• der pH-Wert ist abhängig von der Konzentration an Hydronium- und Hydroxid-Ionen in einer
Lösung
• außerdem gilt pH + pOH = 14
• bei neutralen Lösungen sind die Konzentrationen gleich groß:

CIAÖl cOH 107M pH 7
• wenn die Konzentration der Hydronium-Ionen überwiegt, ist die Lösung sauer:
7 7
Aso 10 MY cLOH so mit pH 7
• wenn die Konzentration der Hydroxid-Ionen überwiegt, ist die Lösung alkalisch:
7 7
c Hd 10 miticloud so mit pH 7

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