BIOL 266 Final Exam Review UPDATED ACTUAL Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers
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Course
BIOL 266
Institution
BIOL 266
BIOL 266 Final Exam Review UPDATED
ACTUAL Exam Questions and CORRECT
Answers
structural bioinformatics - CORRECT ANSWER- field that predicts and models function
from 3D structure
genomics - CORRECT ANSWER- field that predicts phenotype from genotype
molecular novelty - CORRECT ANSWER- fiel...
BIOL 266 Final Exam Review UPDATED
ACTUAL Exam Questions and CORRECT
Answers
structural bioinformatics - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔field that predicts and models function
from 3D structure
genomics - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔field that predicts phenotype from genotype
molecular novelty - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔field that novel genes and gene functions
from newly sequenced genomes and metagenomes
evolutionary adaptation - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔field that analyzes how changes in
genotype lead to changes in phenotype and evolutionary adaptation
algorithm - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔a set of rules or instructions specifying how to solve a
problem
tool - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔implementation of an algorithm (software)
sequence analysis - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔determining the optimal alignment between
sequences, searching databases, for homologs, organization and interpretation of data
phylogenetic analysis - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔organization of sequences according to
their evolutionary relationships
genome analysis - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔finding and analyzing genes within the context
of an entire genome
transcriptomics and proteomics - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔examines levels of gene or
protein expression
network and systems biology - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔analyzing a biological system as a
network of interacting components
,synthetic biology - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔the use of computers to design new biological
systems
dna polymers - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔specific sequences of nucleotides
nitrogenous base - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔nucleotides differ by which _________ they
contain
genes - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔dna instructions for making proteins
central dogma - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔DNA --> RNA --> protein
transcription - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔assisted by RNA polymerase
translation - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔assisted by ribosomes
mRNA, tRNA, rRNA - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔three main types of RBA; messenger,
transfer, ribosomal
RNA - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔-primary structure similar to DNA
-can be single or double stranded
-can exhibit different conformations (unlike DNA)
-contains U instead of T
gene expression - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔process of using DNA info to make mRNA and
proteins
, promoter sequence - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔what RNA polymerases look for to
recognize beginning of genes
enhancers - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔. Modulate gene expression and can be far from the
gene. Needed on top of promoters for eukaryotes.
prokaryotes - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔use +ve and -ve regulation for transcription
genetic code - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔RNA to amino acids
ORF - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔long stretches of DNA that are uninterrupted by stop
codons and therefore encode protein
genes - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔ORFs + additional regulatory info
start codon - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔met, AUG, translation of DNA to RNA
stop codons - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔UAA, UAG, UGA, expected once every 20th
codon
hydrophobic amino acids - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔amino acids with long alkyl side
chains. More likely to be found in the interior of proteins. A I L M P V F W
hydrophilic (polar) amino acids - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔C N Q S T Y G
Charged amino acids - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔(-) D E, (+) K R H
sequencing - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔determining the exact nucelotide sequence of DNA
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