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NR 503 Week 7 Discussion: Global and Environmental Health – Disease Outbreaks Globally
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NR 503 Week 7 Discussion: Global and Environmental Health – Disease Outbreaks Globally
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NR 503 Week 7 Discussion: Global and EnvironmentalHealth – Disease Outbreaks Globally
What's contributing to the "Fermi paradox?" - (ANSWER)- Deforestation
- The economy prioritizes the ecosystem
- We need a cultural society that prioritizes the ecosystem over individual interest
Planetary Health - (ANSWER)the achievement of the highest attainable standard of health,
wellbeing, and equity worldwide through judicious attention to the human systems—political,
economic, and social—that shape the future of humanity and the Earth's natural systems that
define the safe environmental limits within which humanity can flourish
Benefits of agricultural diversity - (ANSWER)- Diverse/nutritious food
- Helps animals/plants adapt to climate change
- Increases resilience of producers
- Preserves the health of our ecosystems
- Improves soil fertility and water quality
Factors Affecting Health - (ANSWER)Air/water quality, diet, personal hygiene, exercise, sexual
practices, drug use, occupation
Basic Requirements for a Healthy Environment - (ANSWER)- Clean air
- Safe water
- Adequate/safe food
- Safe/productive food
- Safe/peaceful settlements
- Stable global environment
Environmental Threats to Organisms - (ANSWER)- Toxic/radioactive chemicals
,- Physical stresses
- Infectious/parasitic agents
Environmental Threats to the Ecosystem - (ANSWER)- Overpopulation
- Climate change
- Stratospheric ozone depletion
- Acid aerosols deposition
- Loss of biological diversity
What will be the world population in 2050? - (ANSWER)Over 9 billion
What continent is fueling global population growth? - (ANSWER)Africa
Is the world population growth rate increasing or decreasing? - (ANSWER)Decreasing
Is the world getting younger or older? - (ANSWER)Older
Population Control Measures - (ANSWER)-Reduce poverty
- Increase education of women and girls
- Decrease infant mortality
- Improve access to family planning information
- Make contraception readily available
- Encourage breast feeding
Epidemiologic Transition - (ANSWER)Shift of morbidity and mortality from communicable to
chronic disease
Altering the Biosphere - (ANSWER)- Elimination of species through hunting and pesticide use
- Importation of non-native species
, - Destruction of habitat
- Input of toxicants into the environment
Fate and Transportation Factors - (ANSWER)Volatility, aqueous solubility, water/air partitioning
Bioaccumulation - (ANSWER)Buildup of a toxicant withina person or animal over a lifetime
Biomagnification - (ANSWER)Concentration of a toxicants it moves through a food web; i.e. the
predator accumulates the toxicant by eating the prey
Persistence - (ANSWER)long half life in air, water, soil,or sediments. This is especially true for
highmolecular weight, halogenated, lipophiliccompounds
How are humans exposed to chemicals? - (ANSWER)- Skin
- GI tract epithelium
- Pulmonary epithelium
Disposition of chemicals in the body - (ANSWER)source of emission > fate/transport >
concentration in micro or personal environment > exposure > absorbed dose > biologically
effective dose > change in tissue structure or function > possible health effect
Genetic Make-Up Influence - (ANSWER)- Can make you more exposed and susceptible to a
toxicant
- Genetics and environmental exposure induce a disease and effects are additive or synergistic
CERCLA - (ANSWER)Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability
Act
CERCLA Top Ten Three of Hazardous Substances - (ANSWER)1) Arsenic
2) Lead
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