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MICR 2420 Introduction to Microbiology - W23 Midterm exam 2024 prep with W. Keenleyside (all expected exam questions and answer) University of Guelph$14.49
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MICR 2420 Introduction to Microbiology - W23 Midterm
exam 2024 prep with W. Keenleyside (all expected exam
questions and answer) University of Guelph
What microbes can degrade and/or utilize every molecule on earth? -correct answer is bacteria
and archaea
What is botulism used for? -correct answer is medicine (is a very potent toxin; is a paralytic)
How do we identify new bacteria? -correct answer is by sequence analysis of universal genes
(i.e. with rRNA)
What is a process that is preserved between cells? Why? -correct answer is translation of
ribosomes; it is a complex process with lots of restraints on mutations (i.e. genes mutate very
slowly)
What is good about rRNA? -correct answer is these genes can be used to assess how related
things are to each other (evolution; tree of life)
What is transduction by? And what are chromosomal insertions by? -correct answer is
bacteriophages; latent viruses/retroviruses
Why is bread non alcoholic? -correct answer is the EtOH evaporates
What is yeast? -correct answer is unicellular fungus
,A sources of disease by the ancient Greeks and Romans? -correct answer is unseen miasmas
(bad air)
What is wrong with the statement: "Bacteria belong to the domain Prokarya." -correct answer
is this is not a domain; just needed a word to distinguish cell structures; no membrane bound
organelles
Why does water not get vaporized in deep sea vents? -correct answer is high P
Bacteria that can survive in high temperatures? -correct answer is hyperthermophiles
What do bacteria do that the environment can't? -correct answer is nitrogen fixing
Full word for lithotrophs? -correct answer is chemolithoautotrophs
3 main greenhouse gases in order of potency and dominance? -correct answer is Co2>CH4>NO2
What are methanes reserves? -correct answer is a product of ancient archaea
3 important people for the birth of microbiology? -correct answer is 1. Louis Pasteur
2. Robert Koch
3. Antoine van Leeumenhoek
What did Antoine van Leeuwenhoek do? -correct answer is created a powerful microscope to
reveal "animal cules" (swimming in drop of water)
,Important work by Louis Pasteur? -correct answer is -pasteurization (doesn't sterilize, but
removes micro from milk and apple juice)
-proved that microorganisms soil milk
-worked on disease and vaccines (like for rabies)
Important work by Robert Koch? -correct answer is -solid media for isolation (agar)
-made a set of rules for causative agent of disease by cultures
What is bacterial fermentation? -correct answer is a process that uses bacteria, mold, or yeast
to convert sugars (carbohydrates) to alcohol, gases, and organic acids
Yeast fermentation yields.... -correct answer is CO2 and EtOH
Process for making bread with yeast? -correct answer is Its cells metabolize the carbohydrates
in flour (middle) and produce carbon dioxide, which causes the bread to rise (right).
Idea from Hippocrates? -correct answer is (a) Hippocrates, the "father of Western medicine,"
believed that diseases had natural, not supernatural, causes.
Idea from Thucydides? -correct answer is (b) The historian Thucydides observed that survivors
of the Athenian plague were subsequently immune to the infection.
Idea from Marcus Terentius Varro? -correct answer is (c) Marcus Terentius Varro proposed that
disease could be caused by "certain minute creatures . . . which cannot be seen by the eye."
, "Golden Age of Microbiology"? -correct answer is -a host of new discoveries between 1857 and
1914
-Louis Pasteur and Robert Koch, were especially active in advancing our understanding of the
unseen world of microbes
What are microscopes used for? -correct answer is to produce magnified images of
microorganisms, human cells and tissues, and many other types of specimens too small to be
observed with the naked eye.
What are stains and dyes used for? -correct answer is are used to add color to microbes so they
can be better observed under a microscope.
What does growth media provide? -correct answer is provides nutrients, including water,
various salts, a source of carbon (like glucose), and a source of nitrogen and amino acids (like
yeast extract) so microorganisms can grow and reproduce
What is a petri dish? -correct answer is -a flat-lidded dish
-made out of either plastic or glass are used to hold growth media
What can test tubes be used for? -correct answer is -cylindrical plastic or glass tubes with
rounded bottoms and open tops
-used to grow microbes in broth, or semisolid or solid growth media.
What are Bunsen burners being phased out for? -correct answer is Bunsen burners are being
phased out in favor of infrared microincinerators, which serve a similar purpose without the
safety risks of an open flame. [sterilize equipment]
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