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NUR 148 ( LATEST 2024 / 2025 ) EXAM 2 | PASSED | A+ RATED GUIDE | NEW FULL EXAM
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NUR 148 ( LATEST 2024 / 2025 ) EXAM 2 | PASSED | A+ RATED GUIDE | NEW FULL EXAM
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NUR 148 EXAM 21. define epilepsy
Answer
recurrent, unprovoked seizures
2. define seizure
Answer
abnormal, sudden, excessive, uncontrolled electrical discharge of neurons within the brain that
may result in a change in LOC, motor or sensory ability and behavior
3. Trigger for seizures
Answer
- stress
- fatigue
- strobe lights
- stimulants
- low sodium
- low sugar levels
- high fever
4. What is a tonic-clonic seizure?
Answer
seizure that lasts longer than 2-5 min begins stiffening or ridigty of muscles (arms & legs) and
immediate loss of consciousness
5. What is a clonic seizure?
Answer
rhythmic jerking/relaxing of all extremities, can last for minutes.
s/s
,Answer
blank stare, no response, smack their lips or swallow repeatedly, pick at the air/things, repetition
of the same word
6. what is a tonic seizure?
Answer
abrupt increase in muscle tone, loss of consciousness and automatic changes lasting from 30
seconds to several minutes
7. What is a myoclonic seizure?
Answer
brief jerking or stiffening of the extremities that may occur singly or in groups, can last for a
few seconds, the contractions may be symmetric (both sides) or asymmetric (one-side)
8. what is an atonic seizure?
Answer
sudden loss of muscle tone, followed by postictal confusion (happens after the seizure)
9. what is a complex partial seizure?
Answer
may cause loss of consciousness (syncope) or black out for 1-3 min. pt may wonder unaware of
environment at the start of
the seizure. Involves the temporal lobe can be called psychomotor/temporal lobe seizures.
10. what is a simple partial seizure?
Answer
remains conscious during the seizure, often reports and aura before that may consist of déjà vu
phenomenon (sudden smell or pain)
11. what is an unclassified/idiopathic seizure?
Answer
account for half of all seizures and occur for no known reason
, 12. What is a status epilepticus seizure?
Answer
prolonged seizure lasting longer than 5 minutes or repeated seizure lasting over the course of
30 min
- treated with with IV-push lorazepam, diazepam or rectal diazepam
13. Common causes for a seizure
Answer
- metabolic disorder, -acute alcohol withdrawal
- electrolyte imbalance
(hyperkalemia, water intoxication, hypoglycemia, low sodium)
- high fever
- stroke
- head injury
- substance abuse
- heart disease
14. medications for seizures
Answer
§ Phenytoin
Answer
given to prevent additional tonic-clonic seizure or cardiac arrest a loading dose is given at no
more than 50 mg/min or given as a push in a normal saline line make sure to flush before and
after (given 2nd)
· Teaching
Answer
drug levels are checked every 6-12hr and 2 weeks after oral dose
§ Fosphenytoin
Answer
water-soluble phenytoin prodrug, compatible with most IV solutions and also causes fewer cardo
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