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Care of Client with Cancer Exam Questions with Correct Answers
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While being prepared for a biopsy of a lump in the right breast, the patient asks the nurse about the difference between a benign tumor and a malignant tumor. Which answer by the nurse is correct? a. "Benign tumors do not cause damage to other tissues." b. "Benign tumors are likely to recur i...

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  • October 18, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
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  • care of client with cancer exam questions with cor
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Care of Client with Cancer Exam
Questions with Correct Answers
While being prepared for a biopsy of a lump in the right breast, the patient asks the
nurse about the difference between a benign tumor and a malignant tumor.
Which answer by the nurse is correct?

a. "Benign tumors do not cause damage to other tissues."
b. "Benign tumors are likely to recur in the same location."
c. "Malignant tumors may spread to other tissues or organs."
d. "Malignant cells reproduce more rapidly than normal cells." - Answer-C
The major difference between benign and malignant tumors is that malignant tumors
invade adjacent tissues and spread to distant tissues and benign tumors never
metastasize.
The other statements are inaccurate. Both types of tumors may cause damage to
adjacent
tissues. Malignant cells do not reproduce more rapidly than normal cells. Benign tumors
do not usually recur.

A patient is receiving intravesical bladder chemotherapy.
The nurse will monitor for

a. nausea.
b. alopecia.
c. mucositis.
d. hematuria. - Answer-D
The adverse effects of intravesical chemotherapy are confined to the bladder. The other
adverse effects are associated with systemic chemotherapy.

The nurse in the outpatient clinic is caring for a 50-year-old who smokes heavily.
To reduce the patient's risk of dying from lung cancer, which action will be best for the
nurse to take?

a. Educate the patient about the seven warning signs of cancer.
b. Plan to monitor the patient's carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) level.
c. Discuss the risks associated with cigarettes during every patient encounter.
d. Teach the patient about the use of annual chest x-rays for lung cancer screening. -
Answer-C
Education about the risks associated with cigarette smoking is recommended at every
patient encounter, since cigarette smoking is associated with multiple health problems.
A
tumor must be at least 0.5 cm large before it is detectable by current screening methods
and may already have metastasized by that time. Oncofetal antigens such as CEA may
be

, used to monitor therapy or detect tumor reoccurrence, but are not helpful in screening
for
cancer. The seven warning signs of cancer are actually associated with fairly advanced
disease.

After the nurse has finished teaching a patient who is scheduled to receive external
beam radiation for abdominal cancer about appropriate diet, which dietary selection by
the patient indicates that the teaching has been effective?

a. Fresh fruit salad
b. Roasted chicken
c. Whole wheat toast
d. Cream of potato soup - Answer-B
To minimize the diarrhea that is commonly associated with bowel radiation, the patient
should avoid foods high in roughage, such as fruits and whole grains. Lactose-
intolerance
may develop secondary to radiation, so dairy products also should be avoided.

During a routine health examination, a 30-year-old patient tells the nurse about a family
history of colon cancer.
Which action should the nurse take next?

a. Educate the patient about the need for a colonoscopy at age 50.
b. Teach the patient how to do home testing for fecal occult blood.
c. Obtain more information from the patient about the family history.
d. Schedule a sigmoidoscopy to provide baseline data about the patient. - Answer-C
The patient may be at increased risk for colon cancer, but the nurse's first action should
be further assessment. The other actions may be appropriate, depending on the
information that is obtained from the patient with further questioning.

When reviewing the chart for a patient with cervical cancer, the nurse notes that the
cancer is staged as Tis, N0, M0.
The nurse will teach the patient that

a. the cancer is localized to the cervix.
b. the cancer cells are well-differentiated.
c. further testing is needed to determine the spread of the cancer.
d. it is difficult to determine the original site of the cervical cancer. - Answer-A
Cancer in situ indicates that the cancer is localized to the cervix and is not invasive at
this
time. Cell differentiation is not indicated by clinical staging. Because the cancer is in
situ,
the origin is the cervix. Further testing is not indicated given that the cancer has not
spread.

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