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Life Science Cancer Exam IRSC Questions with Complete Solutions
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Cancer - Answer-A disease caused by the inability of the body to control the division of cells. It is caused by genetic or environmental factors and are named based on the cell/tissue they originate Homeostasis - Answer-The body's ability to stay stable despite environmental changes. Nucleus ...

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  • October 18, 2024
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Life Science Cancer Exam IRSC
Questions with Complete Solutions
Cancer - Answer-A disease caused by the inability of the body to control the division of
cells. It is caused by genetic or environmental factors and are named based on the
cell/tissue they originate

Homeostasis - Answer-The body's ability to stay stable despite environmental changes.

Nucleus - Answer-The place in the cell where DNA is surrounded by a plasma
membrane

Ribosomes - Answer-Information processing, Location where the genetic information is
used to manufacture proteins

Centrioles - Answer-Cell division, assist in dividing the genetic material and contents of
the cell during cellular reproduction

DNA - Answer-a nucleic acid that stores genetic information

Nucleotides - Answer-Monomers that make up DNA

Complementary based paring (A-T,G-C) - Answer-(A)Adenine- Always pairs with
Thymine(T)

Guanine(G) always pairs with Cytosine(C)

Genome - Answer-The sum of all genetic information in a cell

Gene - Answer-Units of genetic information that provide instructions for making proteins

Transcription - Answer-Genetic information is passed from DNA to mRNA

Translation - Answer-Process by which mRNA is decided and protein is produced

Chromosome - Answer-Compacted, organized DNA in the nucleus of cells

Homologous CHromosomes - Answer-Chromosomes that code for similar traits

cell cycle - Answer-The organized series of events required for cell division

Interphase - Answer-The majority of the cell's time; normal functions occur

G1 - Answer-Cells undergo major portion of growth, growth occurs as organelle doubles

, S - Answer-replicate DNA produce chromosome with two sister chromatids attached at
the centromere; DNA replication occurs as chromosomes duplicate

G2 - Answer-chromosomes coil more tightly, preparation for mitosis. Growth occurs as
cell prepares to divide

Mitosis - Answer-Portion where cell division occurs; consists of mitosis and cytokinesis

prophase - Answer--chromosomes condense and become visible to microscope

-Nucleus breaks down

-mitotic spindle forms and attaches fibers to each chromatid

metaphase - Answer--mitotic spindle fibers move chromosomes
-chromosome line up in the middle of the cell

Anaphase - Answer--each chromosome has two copies
-mitotic pindle fibers pulls one copy to the left side and another right
-Chromatids are pulled apart to opposite poles

Telophase - Answer--chromatids are where they belong on opposite sides of cell.
-To stop from moving, nucleus is regrown around the DNA
-Mitotic spindle is broken down because it is not needed

Cytokinesis - Answer-The stage in which two daughter cells are formed from the original
one

Spindle - Answer-tiny fibers that are seen in cell division

checkpoints - Answer-Regulate the speed at which the cell moves through the cell cycle
and ensure that the cell is ready for cell division

mutations - Answer-Changes to the nucleotide sequence of DNA

Tumor-suppressor genes - Answer-Prevent unregulated cell growth by slowing down
the progression of the cell through the cell cycle

proto-oncgenes - Answer-speed up the cell cycle

immoral - Answer-because of telomerase enzyme that repairs telomeres at the end of
chromosome.

Angiogenesis - Answer-occurs as growth factors are released and capillaries grow
toward the tumor.

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