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Final Exam- Cancer Prevention Questions with Latest Update

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What government backed movement was instituted in 1971 to try to control cancer? - Answer-National Cancer Act What is an intervention? - Answer-The early detection of cancer can help reduce mortality only if they are part of a wider cancer control strategy that includes affective diagnostic foll...

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  • October 18, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
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Final Exam- Cancer Prevention
Questions with Latest Update
What government backed movement was instituted in 1971 to try to control cancer? -
Answer-National Cancer Act

What is an intervention? - Answer-The early detection of cancer can help reduce
mortality only if they are part of a wider cancer control strategy that includes affective
diagnostic follow up procedures and treatment

What are renegade cells? - Answer-A cell that has strayed from the social controls and
has potential to form a tumor (cancer cell)

What do renegade cells form when they cluster together? - Answer-They form tumors
and make it so organs can no longer work

Initiation - Answer-The area where they gene mutates and cancer begins

Promotion - Answer-The speeding up of cell division that creates more genetic
mutations and delivers the second hit that lends to cancer

Progession - Answer-The out of control growth of abnormal cells that is the basis of all
cancers

Causes of cell mutation - Answer-Tobacco smoke, other carcinogens, lack of enzymes
that remove mutated cells, UV radiation/sunlight, presence of the p53 gene

Initiator or carcinogen - Answer-Anything that's responsible for triggering a genetic
mutation that eventually can turn into cancer

What are oncogenes? - Answer-Gene responsible for cell growth that can lay the
groundwork for cancer. They produce a protein that instructs cells to reproduce
endlessly

What are tumor suppressor genes? - Answer-Gene whose sole purpose is to stop
tumors from forming and/or growing

Explain the "two hit theory" in developing cancer. - Answer-Two events take place for
cancer to continue. There is a change in a gene that affects growth and there is
exposure to something that promotes cell growth

What are tests performed on healthy people who have no symptoms for the sole
purpose of looking for cancer or a pre-cancerous condition called? - Answer-Screenings

, What is the percentage of cancers occurring in people ages 55 and older? - Answer-
77%

Incidence - Answer-The number of new cases diagnosed in a particular place over a
specific time period, usually a year

Mortality - Answer-The number of people who die from cancer in a particular place over
a specific time period, usually a year

Prevalence - Answer-The percentage of people who have cancer, both old and new
cases, out of the number who are at risk for it

Why is cancer moving to the number one cause of death in the United States? -
Answer-The death rate from heart disease is declining. This is due to people smoking
less and more treatments

When there is a rise in the number of any cancer, this may reflect what? - Answer-This
may reflect the an increase in the amount of people in a population and people living
longer
Improvement in screening methods and/or diagnostic testing

List the risk factors you cannot change: - Answer-Age, gender, race, and ethnicity

What is among the most significant indicator of cancer risk? - Answer-*Two or more
close relatives have a particular kind of cancer
*A family member has several primary cancers
*A family member developed cancer at an early age
*A family member has a cancer with a known genetic link

What racial/ethnic group is most likely to die from cancer? - Answer-Black people

What racial group has the highest rates of most cancers? - Answer-White people

What is the percentage of inherited cancers? - Answer-10-15%

What are the factors that would make you more likely to inherit cancer? - Answer-Ethnic
background and improper diet

What is a rogue gene? - Answer-An active or in active gene that is carried in families

List examples of rogue genes and the cancers they are associated with? - Answer-
*BRCA1 and BRCA2: Breast and Ovarian Cancer
*HNPCC: Colon Cancer

Does having cancer once increase your chance of getting it again? - Answer-Yes,
original tumor may spread to create secondary cancer

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