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MATSE 400 Exam 1 With Complete Solutions
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MATSE 400 Exam 1 With Complete Solutions
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MATSE 400 Exam 1 With Complete Solutions
Moh's Hardness 10 ANS✔✔ diamond, C, C-C, strong 3D covalent bonds
Moh's Hardness 9 ANS✔✔ corundum, α-Al2 O3, Al-O (~50% covalent), O are close packed so high bond density
Moh's Hardness 8 ANS✔✔ topaz, Al2 Si O4 F2, Al-O and Al-F (~50% ionic), O and F are close packed, Al-F is stronger
Moh's Hardness 7 ANS✔✔ quartz, Si O2, Si-O (~50% ionic), more open crystal structure with a lower bond density
Moh's Hardness 6 ANS✔✔ orthoclase, K Al Si2 O8, Al-O; Si-O; K-O, bonded in 3D but cleavage planes drop hardness
Moh's Hardness 5 ANS✔✔ apatite, Ca5 (PO4)3 F, Ca-O (largely ionic), O has higher valence (2-) than F (1-) when bonded
to Ca
Moh's Hardness 4 ANS✔✔ fluorite, Ca F2, Ca-F (largely ionic), low bond density
Moh's Hardness 3 ANS✔✔ calcite, Ca C O3, Ca-O (largely ionic), cleavage plane
Moh's Hardness 2 ANS✔✔ gypsum, Ca S O4 * 2(H2O), hydrogen bonds, covalently bonded layers connected by h-bonds
Moh's Hardness 1 ANS✔✔ talc, Mg3 Si4 O10 (OH)2, Van der Waals bonds, covalently bonded layers connected by VdW
bonds
C-C bond length ANS✔✔ 1.54 A
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