Metals ANS✔✔ -composed of one or more metallic elements and often nonmetallic elements in relatively small
amounts
-atoms arranged in an orderly manner
-dense, relatively stiff and strong, ductile and resistant to fracture
Ceramics ANS✔✔ -compounds between metallic and nonmetallic elements, most frequently oxides, nitrides, and
carbides
-relatively stiff and strong, hard, brittle, highly susceptible to fracture, and insulative
Polymers ANS✔✔ -plastic and rubber materials
-organic compounds that are chemically based on carbon, hydrogen, and other nonmetallic elements
-large structures, with carbon backbone
-low densities, not stiff or strong, extremely ductile and pliable
Semiconductors ANS✔✔ have electrical properties that are intermediate between electrical conductors and insulators
Biomaterials ANS✔✔ employed in components implanted into the human body to replace diseased or damaged body
parts
-metals, ceramics, polymers, composites, and semiconductors
Composite ANS✔✔ composed of two or more individual materials (metals, ceramics, polymers)
Smart Materials ANS✔✔ materials that are able to sense changes in their environment and then respond to these
changes in predetermined manners
-include some type of sensor and an actuator
, Solution 2024/2025
Pepper
Nanomaterials ANS✔✔ can be metals, ceramics, polymers or composites that are characterized by their size and are on
the order or a nanometer
Elastic Modulus ANS✔✔ measure of stiffens, or a material's resistance to elastic deformation
Hooke's Law ANS✔✔ Relationship between engineering stress and engineering strain for elastic deformation
Anelasticity ANS✔✔ time-dependent elastic behavior that is due to time-dependent microscopic or atomistic processes
Yield Strength ANS✔✔ defined at the intersection of a 0.002 offset and the stress strain curve
Tensile Strength ANS✔✔ Stress at the max of the stress-strain curve. It is the max stress that can be sustained by a
structure in tension
Ductility ANS✔✔ The measure of degree of plastic deformation that is sustained at fracture (%EL and %RA)
Resilience ANS✔✔ Capacity of a material to absorb energy when it is deformed elastically and then, upon unloading, to
have this energy recovered
-the area of a triangular portion under the curve
Toughness ANS✔✔ Measure of the ability of a material to absorb energy up to fracture. The area under the stress-strain
curve up to point of fracture
Ductile Material ANS✔✔ Experiences significant plastic deformation upon fracture
Brittle Material ANS✔✔ Experiences very little or no plastic deformation upon fracture (less than 5% strain)
Strain Hardening ANS✔✔ the region of the stress-strain curve from the onset of plastic deformation to the point at
which necking begins
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