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Chapter 48 Lewis Med Surg Exam Questions And Correct Answers

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Chapter 48 Lewis Med Surg Exam Questions And Correct Answers 1. Which statement by a nurse to a patient newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes is correct? a. Insulin is not used to control blood glucose in patients with type 2 diabetes. b. Complications of type 2 diabetes are less serious than th...

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©SIRJOEL EXAM SOLUTIONS
10/14/2024 11:14 PM

Chapter 48 Lewis Med Surg Exam Questions
And Correct Answers

1. Which statement by a nurse to a patient newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes is correct?

a. Insulin is not used to control blood glucose in patients with type 2 diabetes.

b. Complications of type 2 diabetes are less serious than those of type 1 diabetes.

c. Changes in diet and exercise may control blood glucose levels in type 2 diabetes.

d. Type 2 diabetes is usually diagnosed when the patient is admitted with a hyperglycemic coma.

- answer✔ANS: C

For some patients with type 2 diabetes, changes in lifestyle are sufficient to achieve blood

glucose control. Insulin is frequently used for type 2 diabetes, complications are equally severe

as for type 1 diabetes, and type 2 diabetes is usually diagnosed with routine laboratory testing or

after a patient develops complications such as frequent yeast infections.

2. A 48-year-old male patient screened for diabetes at a clinic has a fasting plasma glucose level

of 120 mg/dL (6.7 mmol/L). The nurse will plan to teach the patient about

a. self-monitoring of blood glucose.

, ©SIRJOEL EXAM SOLUTIONS
10/14/2024 11:14 PM
b. using low doses of regular insulin.

c. lifestyle changes to lower blood glucose.

d. effects of oral hypoglycemic medications. - answer✔ANS: C

The patient's impaired fasting glucose indicates prediabetes, and the patient should be counseled

about lifestyle changes to prevent the development of type 2 diabetes. The patient with

prediabetes does not require insulin or oral hypoglycemics for glucose control and does not need

to self-monitor blood glucose.

3. A 28-year-old male patient with type 1 diabetes reports how he manages his exercise and

glucose control. Which behavior indicates that the nurse should implement additional teaching?

a. The patient always carries hard candies when engaging in exercise.

b. The patient goes for a vigorous walk when his glucose is 200 mg/dL.

c. The patient has a peanut butter sandwich before going for a bicycle ride.

d. The patient increases daily exercise when ketones are present in the urine. - answer✔ANS: D

When the patient is ketotic, exercise may result in an increase in blood glucose level. Type 1

diabetic patients should be taught to avoid exercise when ketosis is present. The other statements

are correct.

4. The nurse is assessing a 22-year-old patient experiencing the onset of symptoms of type 1

diabetes. Which question is most appropriate for the nurse to ask?

, ©SIRJOEL EXAM SOLUTIONS
10/14/2024 11:14 PM
a. "Are you anorexic?"

b. "Is your urine dark colored?"

c. "Have you lost weight lately?"

d. "Do you crave sugary drinks?" - answer✔ANS: C

Weight loss occurs because the body is no longer able to absorb glucose and starts to break down

protein and fat for energy. The patient is thirsty but does not necessarily crave sugar-containing

fluids. Increased appetite is a classic symptom of type 1 diabetes. With the classic symptom of

polyuria, urine will be very dilute.

5. A patient with type 2 diabetes is scheduled for a follow-up visit in the clinic several months

from now. Which test will the nurse schedule to evaluate the effectiveness of treatment for the

patient?

a. Urine dipstick for glucose

b. Oral glucose tolerance test

c. Fasting blood glucose level

d. Glycosylated hemoglobin level - answer✔ANS: D

The glycosylated hemoglobin (A1C or HbA1C) test shows the overall control of glucose over 90

to 120 days. A fasting blood level indicates only the glucose level at one time. Urine glucose

testing is not an accurate reflection of blood glucose level and does not reflect the glucose over a

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