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Nu 412 test 4 Exam Questions With Correct Answers What are diagnostic labs you have to have to be diagnosed with diabetes mellitus? - answerA1C >6.5, Fasting glucose > 126, Oral glucose tolerance test >200 what are S&S of hypoglycemia? - answershaking, tachycardia, sweating, dizzy, anx...

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  • October 18, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
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©SIRJOEL EXAM SOLUTIONS
12/3/2024 11:27AM



Nu 412 test 4 Exam Questions With Correct
Answers


What are diagnostic labs you have to have to be diagnosed with diabetes mellitus? -

answer✔A1C >6.5, Fasting glucose > 126, Oral glucose tolerance test >200


what are S&S of hypoglycemia? - answer✔shaking, tachycardia, sweating, dizzy, anxious,

hungry, blurry vision, weakness, headache, irritability


what are S&S of hyperglycemia? - answer✔extreme thirst, blurry vision, drowsy, dry skin, need

to urinate often, slow healing wounds, hungry


how do you diagnose DKA? - answer✔BG >250, metabolic acidosis, positive serum ketones,

anion gap >20


what are S&S of DKA? - answer✔polyuria, N/V, anorexia, met acidosis, ketonuria, Kussmals

respirations, acetone/fruity breath, altered mental status, tachycardia


how do you treat DKA? - answer✔strict I&O, regular IV insulin, D5W or D5NS or 1/2 NS,

monitor and replace K as needed, monitor EKG

, ©SIRJOEL EXAM SOLUTIONS
12/3/2024 11:27AM


what are S&S of hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state (HHS)? - answer✔BG >600, serum

osmolality >310, no acidosis, anion gap normal, profound dehydration, tachycardia, hypotension,

increased BUN, no ketosis, altered mental status, anorexia, polydipsia, N/V


how do you treat HHS? - answer✔fluid replacement!, insulin and electrolyte replacement as

ordered

what is the earliest clinical evidence of renal failure/nephropathy in diabetic patients? -

answer✔microalbuminuria


what are biguanides (metformin)? - answer✔decreases liver glucose production and improves

insulin action on peripheral tissue/increases insulin sensistivity; 1st line drug for diabetes, does

NOT cause hypoglycemia, do not give with contrast dye, contraindicated in renal failure


what are glitazones/TZDs (pioglitazone, rosiglitazone)? - answer✔increase peripheral insulin

sensitivity, does NOT cause hypoglycemia, risk for MI, monitor LFTs, BBW for causing CHF;

treats diabetes


what are sulfonylureas (glipizide, glimepride)? - answer✔stimulates insulin secretion in patients

who have some beta cell function; cause hypoglycemia* and weight gain; caution in liver failure,

elderly, and CVD

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