Class notes
Bio 101 History of Evolution Notes
- Course
- BIO 101
- Institution
- Germanna Community College
This is a comprehensive and detailed note on History of Evolution. *Essential Study Material!!
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The History of LifeTSW investigate and understand the four evidence of evolution
Evolution
The processes that have transformed life on earth from its earliest
forms to the vast diversity that characterizes it today.
A change in the genes!!!!!!!!
Old Theories of Evolution
Jean Baptiste Lamarck (early 1800s) proposed:
“The inheritance of acquired characteristics”
He proposed that by using or not using its body parts, an individual
tends to develop certain characteristics, which it passes on to its
offspring.
“The Inheritance of Acquired Characteristics”
Example:
A giraffe acquired its long neck because its ancestor stretched higher
and higher into the trees to reach leaves and that the animal’s
increasingly lengthened neck was passed on to its offspring.
Charles Darwin
Influenced by Charles Lyell who published “Principles of
Geology”.
This publication led Darwin to realize that natural forces gradually
change Earth’s surface and that the forces of the past are still operating
in modern times.
Charles Darwin
Darwin set sail on the H.M.S. Beagle (1831-1836) to survey the south
seas (mainly South America and the Galapagos Islands) to
collect plants and animals.
On the Galapagos Islands, Darwin observed species that lived
nowhere else in the world.
These observations led Darwin to write a book.
, Charles Darwin
Wrote in 1859: “On the Origin of Species by Means of
Natural Selection”
Two main points:
1. Species were not created in their present form but
evolved from ancestral species.
2. Proposed a mechanism for evolution:
NATURAL SELECTION
Natural Selection
Individuals with favorable traits are more likely to leave more
offspring better suited for their environment.
Also known as “Differential Reproduction”
Example:
English peppered moth (Biston betularia)
- light and dark phases
Artificial Selection
The selective breeding of domesticated plants and animals by man.
Question:
What’s the ancestor of the domesticated dog?
Answer: WOLF
What is Natural Selection?
Natural selection is governed by the principles of genetics.
Types of Adaptations
Protective Coloring
Camouflage
Mimicry
Physiological Adaptations
Reproductive Changes
Other changes
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