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Microbiology 210 Exam 1 Mcpherson Questions And Answers
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Microbiology 210 Exam 1 Mcpherson Questions And Answers
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Solution 2024/2025Pepper
Microbiology 210 Exam 1 Mcpherson Questions
And Answers
What are microorganisms? ANS✔✔ a diverse, microscopic group of organisms that exist as single cells or cell clusters;
not able to see with the naked eye
What is the role and impact of microorganisms on Earth? ANS✔✔ Microorganisms are responsible for: recycling
nutrients, shaping how habitats are developed and how organisms evolve. When looking for new life forms, scientists
first look for microorganisms
How have humans manipulated microorganisms for our own use? ANS✔✔ Biotechnology: human manipulation of
microorganisms for industries, genetics engineering: manipulation of genetics of microbes, plants, and animals to create
new products, and bioremediation: introduces microbes into an environment to restore stability or clean up toxic
pollutants
What's the relative burden of human disease caused by microbes? ANS✔✔ Most microbes cause no harm, but
infectious diseases are among the most common causes of death, increasing number of emerging and reemerging
diseases (some advances in eradication), increasing number of drug resistant strains
Describe Bacteria ANS✔✔ Prokaryotic, cell walls contain peptidoglycan, reproduce asexually, smaller than eukaryotes,
and lack various organelles
Describe Archaea ANS✔✔ prokaryotic, lack various organelles, reproduce asexually, found in extreme environments
Describe Fungi ANS✔✔ eukaryotic, have cell walls, but no peptidoglycan, can be further broken down into categories
(Molds and Yeast)
Describe Mold ANS✔✔ typically multicellular, have hyphae, and reproduce by sexual and asexual spores
Describe Yeast ANS✔✔ unicellular and reproduce asexually by budding and sexually by spores
, Solution 2024/2025
Pepper
Describe Protozoa ANS✔✔ single-celled eukaryotes, no cell wall, mostly asexual, some have complex life cycles (more
than one host), capable of locomotion (cilia, flagella, pseudopodia)
Describe Algae ANS✔✔ unicellular and multicellular eukaryotes, photosynthetic, found near surface of salt or fresh
water, categorized based on color and composition of cell wall, important to global ecology
Describe Helminths ANS✔✔ study the microscopic eggs and eukaryotic
Compare and contrast the relative sizes of microbes ANS✔✔ Viruses - range from 20nm - 450nm
Prokaryotic cells (Bacteria/Blue-Green Algae) - range from 250nm - 2000nm(or more)
Eukaryotic cells - range from 2000nm - 10,000nm (or more - ostrich eggs are a cell; some nerves are a single cell (can be
a long as 1m)
Who were the scientists involved in study of spontaneous generation and what did they contribute? Why is this
important? ANS✔✔ Aristotle proposed this; Redi confirmed it by keeping decaying meat from flies and showing maggots
never developed; Needham determined that there needed to be a "life force" to cause inanimate objects to come to life
(boiled beef gravy and plant infusions); Spallanzani concluded microorganisms exist in the air and contaminate
experiments and spontaneous generation of microorganisms does not occur; Pastuers used the swan neck experiment
to prove that spontaneous generation does not occur ever. Led to scientific method
Explain scientific method and why it's important? ANS✔✔ Ask a question, Make a hypothesis, Conduct an experiment,
accept, deny, or modify your hypothesis; important for all experiments
List and understand the importance of Koch's postulates ANS✔✔ 1) bacteria must be present in every case of the
disease 2) must be isolated from the host and grown in pure culture 3) specific disease must be reproduced when a pure
culture of the bacteria is inoculated into a healthy host 4) must be recoverable from infected host; brought scientific
clarity
Binomal naming ANS✔✔ Genus name followed by species name
What is metabolism? ANS✔✔ the chemical processes that occur within a living organism in order to maintain life.
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