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College aantekeningen 2 Social Psychology in Organisations (6463PS009Y)
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College aantekeningen 1 Social Psychology in Organisations (6463PS009Y)
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Social Psychology in OrganizationsCollege 2 Leadership and Power
Leadership
Leadership is the process of influencing others to understand and agree about
what needs to be done and how to do it, and the process of facilitating individual and
collective effort to reach shared goals.
Leader vs manager
Differentiating Management and Leadership
Manager
o Is a day-to-day problem solver.
o Is concerned with controlling the operations of the organization
efficiently.
Leader
o Is focused on developing new approaches and options for the future.
o Inspires others to follow his or her vision for the organization
What is (good) leadership?
A good leader inspires people to have confidence in the leader, a great leader
inspires people to have confidence in themselves (Roosevelt).
Leadership approaches
Trait approach
Leaders are born with talents and abilities for leadership. Select the ‘right’ people for
leadership positions rather than train them. Leaders exhibit special attributes that
make them great leaders.
, Behavior approach
Leader Behaviors
- Ohio State University Study: a list of leader behaviors followers came up
with when asked to describe what their leaders did
Leader Behaviors were combined into two broad categories:
- Initiating Structure: defining tasks, focusing on goals
- Consideration: trust, respect, relational
Blake Mouton Managerial Grid
Situational approach
Situational context that might affect the leadership style on team performance.
Depending on the task: boring task: motivational leader, complex task: structural
leader. Depending on the abilities of the group: experts or amateurs. Depending on
the urgency of the situation. Depending on if there is competition.
Path-Goal Theory
Leaders motivate followers to accomplish goals by establishing the paths to the
goals. Remove the obstacles and show your team the path.
Four Leadership Behaviors:
- Directive (duidelijk richtlijnen geven)
- Supportive (focus on the person, the well-being of the person, really listening)
- Participative (open for ideas, share information about the organization,
including the task)
- Achievement-Oriented (challenging followers to excellence and reaching
goals)
Leader-Member Exchange (LMX)
Leader–member exchange (LMX) = the quality of the working relationship that is
developed with each follower.
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