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NUR 211 ( LATEST 2024 / 2025 ) PERFUSION 3 | COMPLETE QUESTIONS & ANSWERS (SOLVED) 100% CORRECT
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NUR 211 ( LATEST 2024 / 2025 ) PERFUSION 3 | COMPLETE QUESTIONS & ANSWERS (SOLVED) 100% CORRECT
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NUR 211 Perfusion 31. What is hemodynamics?
Answer
This is the physical principles of blood flow based on pressure and resistance throughout our
circulatory system.
2. List the pathway of blood through the heart
Answer
IVC + SVC ---> RA --> Tricuspid
--> RV --> Pulmonic valve --> Pulmonary artery -->Lungs-->Pulmonary Veins --> LA
--> Bicuspid (Also known as Mitral) --> LV --> Aortic Valve--> Aorta
3. What is mean arterial pressure?
Answer
pressure forcing blood into tissues, averaged over cardiac cycle
4. What are the normal ranges of map?
Answer
About 65-110
5. What does a patient's MAP within normal ranges tell you?
Answer
That the patient's body is perfusing correctly. However you still need to assess your patient.
6. How do you calculate MAP?
Answer
(SBP + 2DBP)/3
7. Talk about what we would see with mitral valve stenosis.
Answer
We will see prob- lems with the left side of the heart. It would affect both the atrium and
,ventricle (as it's located between both of these structures). Then we will see blood start backing
up and then fluid would back up into the lungs. We would hear crackles in the lungs. If you
understand the blood flow of the heart it will help you remember this.
8. What is the phlebostatic axis?
Answer
It is the reference point on the chest that is used as a baseline for consistent tranducer height
placement. It is the 4th intercostal point and midaxillary line. It's lined up with the left atrium.
9. What is an arterial line?
Answer
Catheter that is inserted into an artery. Device used to measure an accurate blood pressure and
get lab draws in a patient.
10. What is important to remember regarding the transducer and the patient?-
Answer
The transducer needs to be at the same level as the phlebostatic axis (left atrium)
11. How do we ensure that the phlebostatic axis is level with the transducer?-
Answer
A level or measure the height. Don't eyeball it.
12. How often do we zero out an arterial line?
Answer
At least twice a shift
13. What is the function of a pressure bag?
Answer
They apply pressure to a fluid and can help push fluid quickly to a patient. It also helps
maintain constant pressure of the arterial line.This is important so blood won't back into the
arterial line. It provides pressure in order provide a number for our blood pressure. It's typically
filled with NS (used to be heparin, but people started getting killed from accidents).
,14. What pressure is a pressure bag typically set to?
Answer
300 mmHg; or if the bag indicates it is properly pressurized (green)
15. What rate does a pressure bag for an arterial line provide fluid at for a patient?
Answer
About 3 mL an hour; not enough to hydrate a patient or anything
16. What are the two most popular places to place an arterial line?
Answer
The radial and femoral arteries
17. What place is preferred to place an arterial line over the 2 we mentioned in class and why?
Answer
Radial; femoral is in a location that is more prone to infection because of not being clean.
18. When priming the tube for an arterial line, we know it's similar to an IV but with one
difference. What is it?
Answer
We want the tube to be completely full, we don't do it halfway like we would with an IV. We
want zero air in that line.
19. What does the top part of an arterial wave form mean? The bottom part?-
Answer
Top is systolic and bottom is diastolic bp
20. What can cause discrepancies in arterial wave forms?
Answer
If there is too much tubing, air in the line, incorrect pressurization of bag, or a kink in the
arterial line.
, 21. What else can we do with an arterial line aside from get a blood pressure?-
Answer
We can draw arterial blood; so we can get some lab values without increasing the risk of
infection with a patient with multiple sticks.
22. What are some complications of an arterial line?
Answer
Bleeding, infection, lack of blood flow to tissues, air embolism (same considerations as an IV)
23. What kind of medications are allowed to be pushed through an arterial line?
Answer
No meds can ever be given in an arterial line, can kill the patient.
24. What is the risk of insertion of an arterial line?
Answer
We mentioned earlier perfusion of tissue.We can damage our artery to a point where it no longer
perfuses an extremity and can result in necrosis.
25. What does Allen's test test for?
Answer
Check's for alternative circulation
Checks to make sure the ulnar artery is sufficient enough to provide hand circulation if the radial
artery is occluded.
26. How do we perform an Allen's test?
Answer
Occlude both the radial and ulnar arteries. Your hand should start changing color. Now release
your ulnar artery. If your hand returns to its normal skin color you have a good functioning
ulnar artery. Remember, we use the radial for an arterial line. If we damage the radial and we
already have a bad ulnar artery, the patient can lose their hand.
27. How long do you apply pressure to an artery if an arterial line is removed?-
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