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Pathfinder - HLZ (Day 7 Test) KW Questions And Answers
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Pathfinder - HLZ (Day 7 Test) KW Questions And Answers
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Solution 2024/2025Pepper
Pathfinder - HLZ (Day 7 Test) // KW Questions
And Answers
What are the seven selection factors that are part of the technical considerations of choosing a HLZ site? ANS✔✔ 1. Size
of HLP (helicopter landing point)
2. Landing Formations
3. Surface Conditions
4. Obstacles
5. Approach and Departure Routes
6. Atmospheric Conditions
7. Type of Load
What factors contribute to the process of HLZ site selection? ANS✔✔ 1. Tactical Considerations (METT-TC)
2. Technical Considerations (Seven Selection Factors)
How is the Size of HLP determined? ANS✔✔ Decided by the AVN unit CDR based on:
-Size/type of AC
-Pilot/unit proficiency
-Day or night
-Atmospheric conditions
What are the standard aircraft formations? ANS✔✔ 1. Trail
2. Staggered Trail Left (STL)
3. Staggered Trail Right (STR)
4. Echelon Left (EL)
5. Echelon Right (ER)
, Solution 2024/2025
Pepper
6. Heavy Left (HL)
7. Heavy Right (HR)
8. Diamond - MOST SECURED
9. Vee
What is the distance between aircraft in flight? ANS✔✔ Day - 2 to 3 rotor disks
Night - 3 to 5 rotor disks
What surface conditions are ideal for landing? ANS✔✔ Firm enough to support the weight of the AC and free of loose
sand, snow or debris
What will never contain an obstacle? ANS✔✔ A landing point
What is an obstacle? ANS✔✔ Anything that is 18" high, wide or deep.
--Ground slope can be considered an obstacle
What do you do to obstacles? ANS✔✔ Four R's:
-Remove
-Reduce
-Red (mark in RED)
-Radio (advise the pilot)
With regard to slope, how do you land the aircraft? ANS✔✔ NEVER on a down slope
-Attempt to land on up-slope or side-slope
What are the ground slope restrictions? ANS✔✔ <7 degrees = any AC can land
>7 = AC with skids (OH & UH) must terminate at a hover
7< slope <15 = wheeled AC (larger UH & CH) given advisory
, Solution 2024/2025
Pepper
How do you calculate slope and what is the round procedure? When is it accurate? ANS✔✔ SLOPE = (difference in
elevation / horizontal distance) x 57.3
-SAME UNITS OF MEASUREMENT
--Always round UP to nearest whole number
---Accurate under 20 degrees
What is the land heading? / How do you want to land? ANS✔✔ Approaches are made along the long axis of the HLS over
the lowest obstacle and INTO the wind.
Who has the authority to reduce the obstacle ratio? ANS✔✔ With the authority of the AVN CDR, then the GUC,
pathfinders can decrease the obstacle ratio to 5:1
What are the buffer zones for an HLZ? ANS✔✔ 10m on each side, plus a 10:1 (5:1 if reduced) obstacle buffer zone
-At least 100m (unless reduced to 50m)
What wind is needed to land an AC? ANS✔✔ Ideally, there is a headwind (45 degrees left or right of the land heading)
-Crosswind can be 0-9kts
-Tailwind can be 0-5kts
Why are Atmospheric Conditions considered? ANS✔✔ DENSITY ALTITUDE: affects the ACL and is comprised of:
1. Humidity
2. Altitude
3. Temperature
As any of these factors increase, the performance capability decreases
What are the Types of Load ANS✔✔ 1. Equipment
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