©SIRJOEL EXAM SOLUTIONS
10/10/2024 11:44 AM
NURS 487 Gi disfunction Exam Questions
With Correct Answers
Nausea - answer✔feeling of discomfort in the epigastrium with a conscious desire to vomit.
Vomiting - answer✔forceful ejection of partially digested food and secretions (emesis) from the
upper GI tract.
regurgitation - answer✔process in which partially digested food is slowly brought up from the
stomach. Retching or vomiting seldom precedes it.
projectile vomiting - answer✔very forceful expulsion of stomach contents without nausea and is
a characteristic of CNS tumours or increased ICP.
What controls vomiting? - answer✔brainstem is the vomiting centre of the brain, responds to
stimuli from visceral receptors (GI tract, kidneys, uterus..) Chemoreceptors and can be
protective.
complications of vomiting? - answer✔risk for aspiration and dehydration
What should be looked at with emesis? - answer✔type, color, contents
what does coffee grounds emesis indicate? - answer✔bleeding from the stomach
Symptoms of Vomiting - answer✔anorexia, lack of appetite, dehydration, tachycardia,
tachypnea, weight loss, fecal odor from breath, bile in emesis
GERD - answer✔backward movement of stomach contents (HCL, pepsin, and trypsin) into the
esophagus causing irritation.
what can increase GERD symptoms? - answer✔alcohol, chocolate, fatty foods, nicotine,
peppermint, coffee, anticholinergics, calcium channel blockers, and beta adrenergic blockers
GERD symptoms - answer✔dyspepsia, heartburn after eating, increased salivation, burping,
wheezing, coughing, dyspnea, bloating, nausea, and delayed gastric emptying
, ©SIRJOEL EXAM SOLUTIONS
10/10/2024 11:44 AM
GERD diagnostics - answer✔endoscopy (barium swallow to evaluate damage), esophageal pH
monitoring
hiatal hernia - answer✔herniation of a portion of the stomach into the esophagus through the
hiatal opening in the diaphragm, two kinds sliding and rolling hernia.
Sliding hernia - answer✔part of stomach slides through hiatal opening into the diaphragm when
patient is supine but returns to normal when sitting upright, most common type.
rolling hernia - answer✔The esophagogastric junction remains in the normal position, but the
fundus and the greater curvature of the stomach roll up through the diaphragm, forming a pocket
alongside the esophagus.
Hiatal hernia symptoms - answer✔Heartburn, nocturnal symptoms, dysphagia, reflux, bending
over causing severe burning pain thats relived by sitting upright, pain induced by intake of
certain foods like large meals, alcohol or smoking.
Hiatal hernia diagnostics - answer✔barium swallow, endoscopy
Gastritis - answer✔inflammation of the gastric mucosa, can be due to bacteria, drugs, or different
foods. Ex) Nsaids, ASA, corticosteroids, alcohol, spicy foods, H. pylori, strep and staph
How is gastritis commonly treated? - answer✔it is self limiting so usually resolves on its own
Gastritis symptoms - answer✔generally non specific:
anorexia, N/V, epigastric tenderness, felling full, and hemorrhage.
Gastritis diagnostics - answer✔electrolytes, BUN, urine specimen, endoscopic exams, urea
breath test, stool culture, or a tissue biopsy
why is it important to do an ECG with GERD - answer✔many cardiac disorders can mimic
GERD symtoms
Barrett's esophagus - answer✔a condition that occurs when the cells in the epithelial tissue of the
esophagus are damaged by chronic acid exposure
what causes the inflammation in gastritis? - answer✔theres a breakdown in GI mucosal barrier
where HCL disrupts the barrier and acid diffuses back into the mucosa causing edema disruption
and capillary walls can be damaged
