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GLUCÓLISIS

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GLUCÓLISIS Y REGULACIÓN

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  • October 20, 2024
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  • 2023/2024
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Tema 10
Glucólisis
Descripción
Es la degradación gradual de la glucosa (6C) hasta piruvato (3C)
Es la ruta catabólica principal de la célula
Es universal, anaerobia
Unidireccional (algunas reacciones reversibles)
Localización celular: El citosol
Localización tisular: se realiza en todos los tejidos( Cerebro, hígado, riñón, músculos,
eritrocito, adiposo)

Objetivo: Oxidar parcialmente la molécula de glucosa a dos unidades de tres carbonos
(piruvato) con menor energía libre y la energía liberada utilizarla para sintetizar ATP, mediante
reacciones de transferencia de grupos fosforilo químicamente acopladas.

Fases de la glicolisis
Fase 1: Preparatoria Fase 2: Productora de ATP Fase 3





La glucosa, una hexosa, es
convertida en dos moléculas de El G3P se transforma en piruvato y en Participan 10 enzimas solubles en el
gliceraldehído-3-Fosfato (G3P), dicho proceso se producen 4 ATPs por citosol que no se agrupan formando
proceso en el que se consumen 2 molécula de glucosa y 2 NADH + H+ complejos enzimáticas.
ATPs

Fase de INVERSIÓN Fase de BENEFICIOS

Preparación: La glucosa se Ruptura: Las moléculas de Producción de ATP y NADH: Se
convierte en dos moléculas de gliceraldehído-3-fosfato se convierten generan ATP y NADH durante la
gliceraldehído-3-fosfato. en piruvato. conversión del piruvato.

Glucoquinasa: Solo en hígado y páncreas. Actúa como sensor y reguladores de la concentración de
glucosa No se inhibe por G6P

Hexoquinasa: Amplia distribución en tejidos y baja especificidad Inhibida alostéricamente por G6P.

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