Autism Final Exam
Why is being socially competent so hard? (4) - Answer--Lots of unwritten rules
-Some of the rules don't apply (for example: "make eye contact" but how much and
when?)
-Things can be very subtle, conflicting, non-literal
-Multi-dimensional and constantly changing based on social context (Where, who,
what the situation)
What is the Social Thinking Approach? (4) - Answer-Four steps to communication
1.) Think about the people you communicate with
2.) Establish physical presence
3.) Thinking with our eyes
4.) Using language to relate to others
Social behavior mapping - Answer--Used to help people anticipate the behavioral
social-emotional chain effect for a situation
-Used to reflect on situations the individual has already experienced
-Can be used before a negative situation occurs to help people anticipate
Pros and Cons of Social Behavior Mapping - Answer--Pros= can be used as a
prevention BEFORE a negative situation occurs; incorporates emotions/emotional
language/more complex social cognition
-Cons= less concrete
Social Autopsy - Answer--Review what happened, identify the mistake/social error,
who was hurt, what should be done to fix the mistake, what should be done next
time, role play
Pros and Cons of Social Autopsy - Answer--Pros= concrete & literal & therefore
requires less inferencing; incorporates "what should be done next time"
-Cons= difficult to use as a preventative measure
Hyperlexia - Answer-an extreme profile of word recognition/decoding skills
developing in advance of reading comprehension, which is associated with autism
Where are these children likely to be categorized, according to the Simple View of
Reading? - Answer-Categorized as a specific comprehension deficit: Good in word
recognition, poor language comprehension
What are two interventions that can be used to increase reading comprehension? -
Answer-1. Anaphoric cueing
2. Story mapping
Anaphoric cueing - Answer--Use a word (anaphora) referring to or replacing a word
used earlier (referent/antecedent) in a sentence or a passage of text.
-"Shortcuts" point back to something that was already said before
, -Ex: Susan plays the piano. She likes music or "Rob" is short for "Robert"
Story Mapping - Answer--Reading is broken into 3 sections: before, during and after
-Before: look at the cover, read the title, predict what the story will be about
-During: ask questions about the reading, predict what will happen
-After: ask more questions such as who was your favorite character or your favorite
event in the story
Why is anaphoric cueing effective for improving reading comprehension? - Answer-
1. Increase self-monitoring of reading comprehension
2. Increase the likelihood of repairing a failure to comprehend
-Self-monitoring and repairing failures to comprehend are difficult for students with
ASD
3. Teaches repairs of comprehension
-When they became aware that there were things they didn't understand, many re-
read the text to locate relevant information
-Often answered the antecedent question correctly, which improved their post-
reading comprehension scores
Social Stories - Answer-1. provides guidance and direction for responding to social
situations. May uses images or words to present situation
-describe social situations specific to individuals and circumstances while promoting
self awareness, self calming, and self management
-Not meant to change behavior, rather they are meant to clarify social expectations
Purpose of social stories - Answer-written for a variety of purposes based on
students experiences or responses to events/situations in his/her world
How to write a social story - Answer-1. Identify situation student is having difficulty
understanding or exhibiting appropriate behaviors
2. Common topics include: cues in environment (ex. Fire drill), describing other
people's point of view (some people like loud music), defining new routines(changing
classes), outlining rules and expectations (having a substitute teacher), or describing
an upcoming event (field trips, school programs)
Descriptive sentences (4) - Answer-1. state facts
- "My name is ____" & "The teacher is standing."
2. Include thoughts and feelings of the student and others in the story
- "The Teacher will like when I listen"
3. Identify what others can do to help the student if needed
- "If i feel upset my teacher can help by ..."
4. Express a shared opinion or reassure the student
- "This is okay."
Directive sentences (2) - Answer-1. Identify possible responses
Why is being socially competent so hard? (4) - Answer--Lots of unwritten rules
-Some of the rules don't apply (for example: "make eye contact" but how much and
when?)
-Things can be very subtle, conflicting, non-literal
-Multi-dimensional and constantly changing based on social context (Where, who,
what the situation)
What is the Social Thinking Approach? (4) - Answer-Four steps to communication
1.) Think about the people you communicate with
2.) Establish physical presence
3.) Thinking with our eyes
4.) Using language to relate to others
Social behavior mapping - Answer--Used to help people anticipate the behavioral
social-emotional chain effect for a situation
-Used to reflect on situations the individual has already experienced
-Can be used before a negative situation occurs to help people anticipate
Pros and Cons of Social Behavior Mapping - Answer--Pros= can be used as a
prevention BEFORE a negative situation occurs; incorporates emotions/emotional
language/more complex social cognition
-Cons= less concrete
Social Autopsy - Answer--Review what happened, identify the mistake/social error,
who was hurt, what should be done to fix the mistake, what should be done next
time, role play
Pros and Cons of Social Autopsy - Answer--Pros= concrete & literal & therefore
requires less inferencing; incorporates "what should be done next time"
-Cons= difficult to use as a preventative measure
Hyperlexia - Answer-an extreme profile of word recognition/decoding skills
developing in advance of reading comprehension, which is associated with autism
Where are these children likely to be categorized, according to the Simple View of
Reading? - Answer-Categorized as a specific comprehension deficit: Good in word
recognition, poor language comprehension
What are two interventions that can be used to increase reading comprehension? -
Answer-1. Anaphoric cueing
2. Story mapping
Anaphoric cueing - Answer--Use a word (anaphora) referring to or replacing a word
used earlier (referent/antecedent) in a sentence or a passage of text.
-"Shortcuts" point back to something that was already said before
, -Ex: Susan plays the piano. She likes music or "Rob" is short for "Robert"
Story Mapping - Answer--Reading is broken into 3 sections: before, during and after
-Before: look at the cover, read the title, predict what the story will be about
-During: ask questions about the reading, predict what will happen
-After: ask more questions such as who was your favorite character or your favorite
event in the story
Why is anaphoric cueing effective for improving reading comprehension? - Answer-
1. Increase self-monitoring of reading comprehension
2. Increase the likelihood of repairing a failure to comprehend
-Self-monitoring and repairing failures to comprehend are difficult for students with
ASD
3. Teaches repairs of comprehension
-When they became aware that there were things they didn't understand, many re-
read the text to locate relevant information
-Often answered the antecedent question correctly, which improved their post-
reading comprehension scores
Social Stories - Answer-1. provides guidance and direction for responding to social
situations. May uses images or words to present situation
-describe social situations specific to individuals and circumstances while promoting
self awareness, self calming, and self management
-Not meant to change behavior, rather they are meant to clarify social expectations
Purpose of social stories - Answer-written for a variety of purposes based on
students experiences or responses to events/situations in his/her world
How to write a social story - Answer-1. Identify situation student is having difficulty
understanding or exhibiting appropriate behaviors
2. Common topics include: cues in environment (ex. Fire drill), describing other
people's point of view (some people like loud music), defining new routines(changing
classes), outlining rules and expectations (having a substitute teacher), or describing
an upcoming event (field trips, school programs)
Descriptive sentences (4) - Answer-1. state facts
- "My name is ____" & "The teacher is standing."
2. Include thoughts and feelings of the student and others in the story
- "The Teacher will like when I listen"
3. Identify what others can do to help the student if needed
- "If i feel upset my teacher can help by ..."
4. Express a shared opinion or reassure the student
- "This is okay."
Directive sentences (2) - Answer-1. Identify possible responses
