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NURSING PHARMACOLOGY—CARDIAC. ALL CARDIAC EXAM REVISION QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS (ALREADY GRADED A+) (2024 UPDATE)
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NURSING PHARMACOLOGY—CARDIAC. ALL CARDIAC EXAM REVISION QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS (ALREADY GRADED A+) (2024 UPDATE)

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  • October 20, 2024
  • 28
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers

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  • Nursing pharmacology
  • Nursing pharmacology

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NURSING PHARMACOLOGY—CARDIAC. ALL CARDIAC EXAM

REVISION QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS (ALREADY

GRADED A+) (2024 UPDATE)

Fibrates therapeutics - ANSWER- reduce triglyceride level, secondarily reduce blood

cholesterol.


Fibrates adverse effects - ANSWER- gallstones, myopathy, hepatotoxicity, diarrhea.


Fibrates interactions - ANSWER- -statins: increase risk of myopathy.


Fibrates pharmacodynamics - ANSWER- reduce cholesterol production, mobilize cholesterol

from tissues, inc cholesterol excretion, dec synthesis and secretion of lipoproteins, dec synthesis

of triglycerides


Cholesterol absorption inhibitors action - ANSWER- inhibit absorption of cholesterol secreted

in the bile and from food


Cholesterol absorption inhibitors drugs - ANSWER- ezetimibe (zetia)


Cholesterol absorption inhibitors medication interactions - ANSWER- -bile sequestrants

(interfere with absorption)

Statins (increased risk of myopathy/hepatoxicity)

Fibrates (increased risk of gallstones, myopathy)


Bile sequestering drugs - ANSWER- cholestyramine (quest ran)


Colesevelam

,Colestipol (colestid)


Bile sequestering drug action - ANSWER- bind with bile acids in intestine to excrete in feces,

causes liver to use cholesterol to form bile acids, lowers blood levels of LDL


Bile sequestering drugs adverse effects - ANSWER- constipation


Bile sequestering drugs--kinetics - ANSWER- not absorbed, remain in intestine and combine

with bile acids, eliminated in 5 hours


Bile sequestering drugs medication interaction - ANSWER- dec absorption of fat soluble

vitamins A,E,D,K

Digoxin, warfarin, thiazides & tetracyclines & fat-soluble meds


Antiarrhythmic drugs - ANSWER- amiodarone (cordarone)


Antiarrhythmic action - ANSWER- used for atrial and ventricular arrhythmias


Antiarrhythmic adverse effects - ANSWER- -pulmonary toxicity, pulmonary fibrosis


-cardio toxicity

-arrhythmias, bradycardia, AV-block, CHF

-photophobia, blurred vision


Antiarrhythmic pt teaching - ANSWER- labs: liver & thyroid function


-cardiac rate/rhythm

-pulmonary function

, -chest X-ray, pulmonary function tests.


Preload - ANSWER- volume of blood in ventricles at the end of diastole


What your VEINS do

-this is increase in hypervolemia & with extra fluid


Afterload - ANSWER- resistance left ventricle must overcome to circulate blood.


What arteries do when they squeeze blood between pumps

Increase in hypertension


Congestive heart failure - ANSWER- condition which heart fails to effectively pump blood

around the body


Common CHF medications - ANSWER- -diuretics (reduce systemic h2o & preload)


-ACE, beta blockers (dec afterload)

-digoxin (stroke volume)


Weak heart? - ANSWER- low cardiac output


Left sided heart failure - ANSWER- -fluid in lungs lining


-cough, crackles, wheezes, blood-tinged sputum, tachypnea


Right sided heart failure (cor pulmonale) - ANSWER- -gravity wins--resulting in weak pulse

in foot

-fatigue, enlarged liver/spleen, swelling in hands & fingers

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