Revised Hematology Practice Question and Answers [100% Correct] 2024/2025 Latest Release!!
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Course
Hematology
Institution
Hematology
Revised Hematology Practice Question
and Answers [100% Correct] 2024/2025
Latest Release!!
What is the main role of red blood cells in the circulatory system?
Red blood cells, or erythrocytes, are primarily responsible for carrying oxygen from the lungs to
the body's tissues a...
Revised Hematology Practice Question
and Answers [100% Correct] 2024/2025
Latest Release!!
What is the main role of red blood cells in the circulatory system?
Red blood cells, or erythrocytes, are primarily responsible for carrying oxygen from the lungs to
the body's tissues and transporting carbon dioxide back to the lungs for exhalation.
Can you describe how platelets contribute to blood clotting?
Platelets are essential for blood clotting as they stick to the injured area of blood vessels, forming
a temporary plug and releasing chemicals that promote clot formation.
What differentiates essential thrombocythemia from secondary thrombocytosis?
Essential thrombocythemia is a type of myeloproliferative disorder characterized by a genetic
mutation that causes increased platelet production, while secondary thrombocytosis results from
another underlying condition that increases platelet levels.
How does anemia affect the delivery of oxygen in the body?
Anemia leads to a decrease in red blood cells or hemoglobin, which reduces the blood's ability to
carry oxygen, resulting in symptoms like fatigue, weakness, and shortness of breath due to inadequate
oxygen supply to tissues.
What are the main causes of iron deficiency anemia?
Iron deficiency anemia is mainly caused by insufficient dietary iron intake, chronic blood loss
(such as from heavy menstruation or gastrointestinal bleeding), or malabsorption disorders affecting iron
absorption.
How can hemolytic anemia be distinguished from other types of anemia?
Hemolytic anemia is identified by the premature destruction of red blood cells, which can be
recognized through elevated indirect bilirubin levels, low haptoglobin, and the presence of reticulocytes
in blood tests.
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, What is the importance of the reticulocyte count in diagnosing anemia?
The reticulocyte count reflects how well the bone marrow is producing new red blood cells; a
high count indicates an appropriate response to anemia, while a low count suggests insufficient
production.
What are the key characteristics of sickle cell disease?
Sickle cell disease is characterized by the presence of abnormally shaped red blood cells that can
lead to painful vaso-occlusive crises, chronic hemolysis, and a higher susceptibility to infections.
How does a deficiency in vitamin B12 cause megaloblastic anemia?
A lack of vitamin B12 disrupts DNA synthesis, leading to the formation of large, immature red
blood cells (megaloblasts) that are inefficient in oxygen transport.
What distinguishes acute leukemia from chronic leukemia?
Acute leukemia involves the rapid growth of immature blood cells, necessitating immediate
treatment, while chronic leukemia develops more slowly and can allow for a longer period without
symptoms.
In what ways does chronic kidney disease affect blood parameters?
Chronic kidney disease can result in anemia primarily due to reduced erythropoietin production,
limited iron availability, and the accumulation of uremic toxins that inhibit red blood cell formation.
What function does the spleen serve in hematology?
The spleen acts as a blood filter, removing old or damaged red blood cells, and plays an important
role in the immune system by producing antibodies and filtering out pathogens.
How does the coagulation cascade contribute to the formation of blood clots?
The coagulation cascade is a series of enzymatic reactions that activate clotting factors, ultimately
converting fibrinogen into fibrin, thus forming a stable clot to prevent bleeding.
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