EPIDEMIOLOGY
2-7 of every 1,000 births result in birth injuries despite
advances in obstertic and intrapartum care
Birth injuries account for 2%-3% of neonatal deaths (
5-8 deaths per 100,000).
Instrument deliveries ( vaacum or forcep)
Very low birth weight or extreme pr...
DEFINITION
Injuries to the neonate resulting from mechanical , ischemic or
hypoxic insults during labour and delivery.
BIRTH TRAUMA.
THE HIGH RISK NEONATE
EPIDEMIOLOGY
PREDISPOSING FACTORS
2-7 of every 1,000 births result in birth injuries despite
advances in obstertic and intrapartum care Prolonged or rapid delivery
Cephalopelvic disproportion, small maternal stature,
Birth injuries account for 2%-3% of neonatal deaths ( maternal pelvic anomalies
5-8 deaths per 100,000). Oligohydramnios
Abnormal presentation (breech)
Prolonged labour
CLASSIFICATION OF BIRTH INJURIES:
Instrument deliveries ( vaacum or forcep) Soft tissue
- Abrasions-a wound caused by superficial damage to the skin,
no deeper than the epidermis.
Very low birth weight or extreme prematurity
- Erythema petechia -Bleeding into the skin can occur from
Large babies – birth weight over about 4,000 grams broken blood vessels that form tiny red dots
- Ecchymosis – blood collects under the tissue in a very large
Fetal anomalies
bruised area
1
, 12/13/2018
- Lacerations- A wound is a type of injury which happens Skull
relatively quickly in which skin is torn, cut, or punctured - Caput succedaneum
- Cephalohematoma
- Subcutaneous fat necrosis - a rare form of panniculitis, an
inflammation of the subcutaneous and adipose tissue.
- Subgaleal haemorrhage
- It typically affects newborns. It is also known as adiponecrosis
subcutanea. It is a very rare disorder
- Linear fractures- breaks in the bone that transverse the full
thickness of the skull from the outer to inner table
- Intracranial hemorrhages
Face
- Subconjunctival haemorrhage- bleeding
underneath the conjunctiva
- Retinal hemorrhage - disorder of the eye in which
bleeding occurs in the retina, the light sensitive
tissue, located on the back wall of the eye.
Cranial nerve and spinal cord injuries
- Facial palsy- a neurological condition in which
function of the facial nerve (cranial nerve VII) is
partially or completely lost
Musculoskeletal injuries
- Clavicular fractures
- Fractures of long bones
- Sternocleido-mastoid injury
2
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller angelamakinyaa. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $12.49. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
