Exam (elaborations)
PHMD 2350 - Final Exam Questions And Correct Answers
- Course
- Institution
PHMD 2350 - Final Exam Questions And Correct Answers...
[Show more]
Content preview
PHMD 2350 - Final Exam Questions And Correct AnswersThe most significant determinants of health are what two factors? - ANSWER Social and
economic factors
Population health encompasses what 3 concepts? - ANSWER 1. Health outcomes of a
group of individuals
2. Distribution of outcomes within the group
3. The importance and management of non-clinical factors in outcomes
It is impossible to quantify the societal contribution of what factors? - ANSWER Social
determinants
Many social determinants of health are ________ through _______ - ANSWER Modifiable,
policy
_______ influence health outcomes and/or have influence on social determinants -
ANSWER Policies
Income and education are strongly associated with what determinant of health? -
ANSWER The mother's education level
Income is strongly associated with the prevalence of what two diseases? - ANSWER
Diabetes and heart disease
Babies whose mothers who did not finish high school have higher rates of what
compared to those who finished college? - ANSWER Infant mortality
When you see major changes in social determinants over time, this suggests what two
,things? - ANSWER 1. It could be a result of shifting policies
2. It could be modifiable through another shift in policies
Triple Aim - ANSWER - Improve the health of populations
- Improve the patient experience of care
- Reduce the per capita cost of health care
The expanded chronic care model adds more ________ and _______ elements to Wagner's
earlier model - ANSWER Non-clinical and community based
Actions affecting one or more determinants of health - ANSWER Health promotion
What is the goal of health promotion? - ANSWER To enable people to maintain or
improve their physical, mental, or social well-being
Health promotion is not the same as ________ - ANSWER Disease treatment
5 levels of health promotion - ANSWER 1. Individual
2. Community
3. State
4. National
5. Global
Community level health promotion: goal/rationale, target, interventions and outcomes -
ANSWER - Goal: an individual's immediate environment can enable or inhibit healthy
behaviors
- Target: community infrastructure
- Interventions: improve parks, safer neighborhoods
- Outcomes: obesity rates, teen violence, etc.
,State and national level health promotion: goal/rationale, target, interventions and
outcomes - ANSWER - Goal: resource allocations or regulations can improve community
services
- Target: infrastructure or services
- Interventions: budgets, laws, restrictions
- Outcomes: air quality, drinking water quality, etc.
Global level level health promotion: goal/rationale, target, interventions and outcomes -
ANSWER - Goal: prevent illness or injury
- Target: imported products, toys, food, medicine
- Intervention: bilateral trade, standards for imported products, cGMPs
- Outcomes: reduced exposure to contamination, fewer reports of defective products
Difference between health promotion and disease prevention - ANSWER Health
promotion optimizes overall health, disease prevention aims to reduce the occurrence
and impact of specific diseases
Health-to-death continuum - ANSWER Perfect health, moderate health, marginal health
(health promotion), exposure/lifestyle risks (primary), early disease (secondary), late
disease (tertiary), death
3 levels of disease prevention - ANSWER primary, secondary, tertiary
Primary prevention: goal, rationale, target, interventions and outcomes - ANSWER -
Goal: to reduce the number of new cases of a specific illness
- Rationale: by reducing exposure rates or increasing resistance, we can reduce the
number of new cases
- Target: those who are most likely to be exposed
- Intervention: remove risk, educate
- Outcome: reduced incidence of exposure and disease
, Secondary prevention: goal, rationale, target, interventions and outcomes - ANSWER -
Goal: to reduce the number of new cases or reduce the number of severe cases
- Rationale: by reducing exposures and early disease, morbidity and mortality can be
reduced
- Target: those who have been exposed to the disease or have early symptoms of the
disease
- Intervention: screening, early treatment
- Outcome: reduced incidence of disease and prevalence of severe disease
Zika virus, influenza and COVID-19 are examples of what type of prevention? - ANSWER
Primary
STDs, PTSD, pesticides, diabetes and cancer are example of what type of prevention? -
ANSWER Secondary
Tertiary prevention: goal, rationale, target, interventions and outcomes - ANSWER -
Goal: reduce number of complications and deaths
- Rationale: by reducing disease severity we can reduce the number of deaths or
complications
- Target: those who have the disease and need treatment
- Intervention: treatment, rehab
- Outcome: decreased incidence of death and long term disability
Blindness and amputation as a result of diabetes is an example of what type of disease
prevention? - ANSWER Tertiary
What is Healthy People? - ANSWER - US national agenda
- Communicates a vision for improving health and achieving health equity
- Re-envisioned each decade
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller Easton. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $9.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
82871 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now
