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NUR 280 ( LATEST 2024 / 2025 ) FINAL EXAM | GRADED A+ SOLVED 100% CORRECT
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NUR 280 ( LATEST 2024 / 2025 ) FINAL EXAM | GRADED A+ SOLVED 100% CORRECT
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NUR 280 FINAL EXAM1. First line of defense (innate immunity)
Physical barriers
Answer
-skin
-linings of the gastrointenstinal, genitourinary, and respiratory tracts
-sloughly off of cells
-coughing and sneezing
-vomiting
-mucus and cilia
Epithelial cell-derived chemical barriers
-synthesized and secreted salivia, tears, sweats, and mucus
2. second line of defense
Answer
Inflammatory response— first immune response to injury
-caused by a variety of materials
*infection, mechanical damage, ischemia, nutrient deprivation, temperature extremes, radiation
3. Third line of defense
Answer
adaptive immunity
,4. adaptive immunity
Answer
the ability to recognize and remember specific antigens and mount an attack on them
E.i. A person who has recovered from measles is protected for life against measles
5. Primary intention healing
Answer
Occurs where the tissue surfaces have been approximated, and there is minimal or no tissueloss—
stitches after incision
6. Secondary intention healing
Answer
Wounds that require a great deal more tissue replacement —open wounds
7. innate immunity (natural immunity)
Answer
Immunity that is present before exposure and effective from birth. Responds to a broad range of
pathogens.
-e.i skin
8. Hypersensitivity
Answer
Altered immunologic response to an antigen that results in disease or damage to the most
,-characterized by the immune mechanism Four types
1. Type I- most common hypersensitivity
Answer
IgE mediated
2. Type II
Answer
tissue-specific reactions
3. Type III
Answer
immune complex mediated
4. Type IV
Answer
cell mediated
9. Type I
Answer
IgE mediated - allergy
Against environmental antigens (allergens) Ex peanuts, pollen, med-penicillin Histamine release
-H1 and H2 receptors
, -antihistamines Manifestations
Answer
-itching, urticaria, conjunctivitis, rhinitis, hypotension, bronchospasm, dysrhthmias, GI cramps
and malabsorption
10. Type II
Answer
IgG and IgM mediated— tissue specific
-specific cell or tissue (tissue specific antigens) is the target of an immune response Ex
hypothyroidism/Graves' disease
11. Type III
Answer
Immune complex mediated
-antigen-antibody complexes are formed in the circulation and are later deposited in vessel walls
or extra vascular tissues
-not organ specific
-induce a massive inflammatory response
Example
Answer
serum sickness—typically affects blood vessels, joints and kidneys
12. Type IV
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