NURS 368 Exam 3 New Material Questions With Verified Answers.
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Course
Nurs 368
Institution
Nurs 368
NURS 368 Exam 3 New Material Questions
With Verified Answers.
Define and differentiate genotype vs phenotype - answerGenotype is a person's genetic
makeup, phenotype is the way those genes are expressed
What is a genetic carrier? - answerA person who carries only one recessive gene and thus it ...
NURS 368 Exam 3 New Material Questions
With Verified Answers.
Define and differentiate genotype vs phenotype - answer✔Genotype is a person's genetic
makeup, phenotype is the way those genes are expressed
What is a genetic carrier? - answer✔A person who carries only one recessive gene and thus it is
not expressed but only carried and can be passed on to the next generation
What is meant by X-linked genetic inheritance? - answer✔It means the trait is linked only to the
X-chromosome, not the Y-chromosome. May be recessive or dominant, but either way will
become dominant in the male inheriting the trait from his mother because there is no counterpart
on the Y chromosome. A female will only be a carrier if she possesses a recessive gene, but will
present the trait if she possesses a dominant gene.
What is the most common genetic problem in pregnancy? Example? - answer✔Abnormal
number of chromosomes. Example: trisomy 21 --> 3 copies of chromosome 21 --> Downs
Syndrome
What is Klinefelter Syndrome? S&S? - answer✔Sex chromosome abnormality in which the baby
receives 2 X chromosome and 1 Y
S&S: Lower IQ, delayed language development, behavior problems, long limbs, small gonads
(testes), breast development, female pubic hair
What is Turner Syndrome? S&S? - answer✔Female born with only one X chromosome
S&S: Short in stature, no ovary development, heart and kidney anomalies, webbed neck,
XY females and XX males --> define - answer✔XY females look and have the physical
structures of a female despite male chromosomes
XX males are similar to Klinefelter males in appearance and do not produce sperm
Genetic amniocentesis
Triple or Quad screen - key test in these is the alpha-fetoprotein test
What is bronchopulmonary dysplasia and what is it a complication of in the neonate? -
answer✔Bronchopulmonary dysplasia is the stiffening of the alveoli so that they cannot inflate.
This is a complication of respiratory distress syndrome due to insufficient surfactant. **A worry
for preterm babies
How do we treat respiratory distress syndrome in the neonate? - answer✔Artificial surfactant
replacement administered through endotracheal tube + CPAP (continuous positive airway
pressure) or intubation for ventilation. Maintain temp, monitor BP, perfusion and blood gases
Why do preterm neonates have difficulty maintaining body temperatures? - answer✔Higher
proportionate body surface area, no ability to shiver or sweat and less brown fat
What is the first line treatment for patent ductus arteriosus in the premature infant? -
answer✔Indomethacin or ibuprofen given to close the ductus. Otherwise surgery
What are three common metabolic imbalances in premature infants? - answer✔Dehydration
(high insensible losses + poor kidney function), glucose and calcium imbalances
What neurological problem are premature infants at high risk for? What nursing actions are taken
to prevent? - answer✔Intraventricular hemorrhage - bleeding into the ventricles of the brain.
Premature infants require special handling/turning protocols to prevent bleeding
What is the pathophysiology of necrotizing enterocolitis? - answer✔In a normal intestinal lumen
the junctions between the enterocytes are tight and don't allow things through. In NEC,
inflammation causes the junctions to loosen and bacteria are allowed through the lumen. Leads
to infection and gas production (from bacteria) => distention
S&S of necrotizing enterocolitis in the premature infant? - answer✔Signs of sepsis + distended
abdomen that is taut, red and tender, metabolic acidosis, bowel has bubbly appearance on xray
What is retinopathy of prematurity? - answer✔Condition of uncontrolled inflammation in
premature infant in which the blood vessels of the eyes don't develop appropriately.
What is the best prevention of necrotizing enterocolitis? - answer✔Exclusive human milk
feeding
What is the main factor of abuse? And how can it manifest? - answer✔Control --> abuse is about
one person exerting control over another. Could be physical, emotional, financial, sexual or just
the threat of any of these
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