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Virology Exam 2 Questions With Correct Answers

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Virology Exam 2 Questions With Correct Answers What virus causes measles - answerparamyxovirus Does measles have a vaccine - answerYes What are the 4 factors influencing virus infection - answerAge, General health and nutrition, Genetic factors, and Immunity What are innate defenses - answerI...

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  • October 21, 2024
  • 16
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
  • Virology
  • Virology
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sirjoel
©SIRJOEL EXAM SOLUTIONS
10/7/2024 11:03AM



Virology Exam 2 Questions With Correct
Answers

What virus causes measles - answer✔paramyxovirus


Does measles have a vaccine - answer✔Yes


What are the 4 factors influencing virus infection - answer✔Age, General health and nutrition,

Genetic factors, and Immunity


What are innate defenses - answer✔Innate defenses provide broad, nonspecific defense against

andy pathogen (is immediate and effective against any pathogen)


What is adaptive immunity - answer✔Immune cells recognize and remember specific pathogens

(requires days to weeks to develop and is specific for each particular virus)


What is the first line of defense that is in innate defenses - answer✔Skin, mucus, ear wax, tears,

stomach acid, ciliated respiratory tract cells (Other defenses include white blood cells,

macrophages, dendritic cells, and natural killer cells)


What are macrophages - answer✔Ingest and kill pathogens, including viruses, by phagocytosis,

and present in tissues throughout the body

, ©SIRJOEL EXAM SOLUTIONS
10/7/2024 11:03AM


Activated macrophages produce ________ which trigger the hypothalamus to produced

prostaglandins (induce fever, an innate antiviral response) - answer✔Pyrogens


What are dendritic cells - answer✔Ingest and kill pathogens, including viruses, by phagocytosis.

Are present in skin, mucus membranes, GI tract (process viral antigens onto their cell surface for

presentation to T helper cells)


What are natural killer cells - answer✔Recognize and kill cells expressing viral or tumor

antigens

Activated natural killer cells release cytokines called ______ which causes lethal pores in target

cells - answer✔Perforins


What is an interferon response - answer✔cytokine is produced in virus infected cells (attaches to

neighboring cells inducing an antiviral state) does not protect the cell that is infected, but rather

protects the surrounding cells


How does interferon protect surrounding cells - answer✔IFN released and binds to receptor on

uninfected neighboring cells. Antiviral proteins are induced and expressed in cells. Upon viral

infection, AVP degrade viral RNA and inhibit protein synthesis stopping viral replication


Type 1 IFN pathway - answer✔Induced antiviral proteins, RNAase L- degrades viral and host

cell RNA, protein kinase inhibits viral and host protein synthesis

, ©SIRJOEL EXAM SOLUTIONS
10/7/2024 11:03AM


Synthetic IFN can be used for treatment of - answer✔Chronic hepatitis B, AIDS,

Papillomaviruses, various cancers

________ congregate in the lymph nodes and exit through the outgoing lymph vessels -

answer✔Lymphocytes


Where are B lymphocytes born and mature - answer✔They are born and mature in the bone

marrow


Where are T lymphocytes mature - answer✔They mature in the thymus gland


Plasma - answer✔Fluid component of blood including clotting factors


Serum - answer✔Fluid component of blood minus clotting factors (usually used as a source for

antibodies)


T-cell independent antibody response - answer✔Receptors on B cells react with a specific virus

antigen, B cells are activated and mature into plasma cells, plasma cells secrete antibodies

against the specific virus, long-lived memory B cells are induced


T-cell dependent antibody response - answer✔Dendritic cells process viral antigen and present

antigen to T-helper cells, activated T-helper cells bind to activated B cells, plasma cells secrete

antibodies against the specific virus, long-lived memory B cells are induced


IgG - answer✔Shows a past virus

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