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CMN 3105 Midterm Test With Complete Solution
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CMN 3105 Midterm Test WithComplete Solution
Truthiness: - ANSWER - Colbert and truthiness
- what you believe to be true rather than what the facts support
Harry G. Frankfurt and "bullshit": - ANSWER He says there's a difference
between the liars and the bullshitters
The liars always say something somewhat true because they know they can't
get away with something so outrageous
Bullshitters are more dangerous than liars (they don't care at all)
Bullshitters don't have any truth at all and they don't care
Donald Trump is a typical bullshitter
They have no conscious-they are apathetic to the truth process
They keep bullshitting and if they get caught they keep going
Their bullshit is intentional-it is deception by design
They bullshit by design to get their audience to be more prejudice
Critical thinking must be marginalized-put in its place is cliches to cheat the
process of thinking. Also they use demeaning comments
The bullshitter is rotten with imperfection (take pride in accomplishing
nothing of substance)
,If you engage in bullshit you believe in pure ideology (only think that matters
to you is believing in a view and imposing it on other people) (imposing
ideologies on other people)
To stop it from happening: 1. Start exchanging ideas 2. Weigh the relative
harms and benefits 3. Look for the people with reliable opinions (look for
experts in the field) 4. Shame dishonest deliberators-could be in the media
(Colbert and Stewart do it) 5.
Anybody who drops out of the reality based community is doing two things:
- ANSWER 1. Giving metaphysical explanations (making claims that can't be
backed up/outside of the reality of natural forces ex. air, gravity ...etc/you
can't feel it)
2. Metaphysical phrases
Metaphysical phrases: - ANSWER - Say things like "the truth is out there" or
"truth is truth"...etc
- They say vague phrases that don't mean anything
- They are no objective they are independent
- Independent of objective truth
Provisional truth: - ANSWER - The only kind of truth in the media
- It's true for the here and now (for the time being) until there is new
knowledge
, Epistemology: - ANSWER - what makes knowledge true and actually
objective
Objective (provisional) truth: - ANSWER - True for the time being
- Changes as time goes on
- Things change
Evidence-based research: - ANSWER - that's what you want to see in the
media
- actual facts based on research
Credible theories: - ANSWER - some are more credible than others
Data: - ANSWER - science
Surveys: - ANSWER - also part of science
Strong relativism: - ANSWER - Following into the fallacy or lie that all truth
claims are of equal value
- It's the feel good way of debate
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