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Samenvatting Thema 21 Cardiovasculair Systeem

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Hanzehogeschool Groningen - MBRT jaar 2 - Thema 21 Cardiovesculair systeem. Samenvatting van college's, werkcollege's en practicum's.

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  • January 28, 2020
  • 75
  • 2018/2019
  • Summary

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Cardiovasculair Systeem
Thema 21

,Inhoud
College AFP 2 ................................................................................................................................................... 3
College AFP 2 – zelfstudietaak 1.................................................................................................................... 10
College AFP 2 – zelfstudietaak 2.................................................................................................................... 15
College AFP 3 ................................................................................................................................................. 19
College EC 1 ................................................................................................................................................... 22
Doppler-effect ........................................................................................................................................... 22
Continuous Wave Doppler ........................................................................................................................ 23
Pulsed Wave Doppler ................................................................................................................................ 24
Color en Power Doppler ............................................................................................................................ 26
College EC 1 – zelfstudietaak......................................................................................................................... 27
College MRI 1 ................................................................................................................................................ 30
K-vlak ......................................................................................................................................................... 30
Invulling van het K-vlak ............................................................................................................................. 30
Toepassingen............................................................................................................................................. 31
College MRI 2 ................................................................................................................................................ 35
MRA ........................................................................................................................................................... 35
TOF-MRA ................................................................................................................................................... 35
PC-MRA ..................................................................................................................................................... 39
College MRI 3 ................................................................................................................................................ 43
CE-MRA......................................................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
College CT 1 ................................................................................................................................................... 56
Rol van CTA................................................................................................................................................ 56
Techniek .................................................................................................................................................... 56
Beeldherkenning Pathologie ..................................................................................................................... 59
CTPA (CT Pulmonairy Angiography) ............................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
College NG 1 .................................................................................................................................................. 60
Anatomie en Fysiologie ............................................................................................................................. 60
Belangrijkste pathologie............................................................................................................................ 60
Beeldvormende onderzoeken ................................................................................................................... 63
College RD 2 .................................................................................................................................................. 71

,College AFP 2
Tractus circulatorius
Het bloedcirculatiesysteem.

Bestaat uit het hart, bloedvatenstelsel en het lymfestelsel (vochtregulering, witte bloedcellen (afweer),
transport van voedingstoffen) .

- Het hart (Cor) functie: pompt 5 liter bloed rond per minuut.

Dubbele bloedsomloop met zuurstof arm en zuurstof rijk:

- Hart -> arteriën (slagaders) -> arteriolen -> capillairen (haarvaten) = over gang van zuurstofarm
naar zuurstofrijk bloed, van arteriolen naar venulen -> venulen -> venen (aders) -> hart.
- Alle vaten wat van het hart af gaat zijn arteriën. Alle vaten die naar het hart toe gaan zijn venen.
- Kleine bloedsomloop = bloedsomloop van hart -> longen -> hart.
- Grote bloedsomloop = de rest.




-

, Positie van het hart is in het mediastinum (diafragma), samen met de slokdarm (oesophagus), grote vaten,
luchtpijp (trachea) en longen. Beweging in het mediastinum is van groot belang door pompen hart en in-
en uitademen longen, wordt versoepeld door vliezen.



Hartcontour met röntgenfoto




Positie hart = midden links.

Truncus pulmonalis => truncus van longslagaders naar beide longen.
Arcus => aortaboog
Atrium dexter (AD) => rechter boezem.
Atrium sinister (AS) => linker boezem.
Ventrikel dexter => rechter kamer.
Ventrikel sinister (VS) => linker kamer.
Vena cava superior (VCS).
Vena cava inferior (VCI).
Ab => Dt =
Cd => Dt =
L = lijn van basis (bovenkant hart) naar de apex (punt hart, onderkant hart) over septum van ventrikels.
M = mediaanlijn.


Bekleding van het hart
Pericard = hartzakje

- Het pericard (hartzakje) is een vezelachtig dubbelvlies dat het hart los omgeeft.
o Viscerale pericardium (epicard) = de binnenste, dunne laas van het dubbelvlies, die direct
om het hart zit en ermee vergroeid is.
o Pariëtale pericardium = de buitenste laag van het dubbelvlies, die ondoordringbaar en
zeer stevig is. Het pericard beschermt het hart en zorgt dat het op zijn plaats blijft. De
binnenkant van het pariëtale pericard scheidt in de pericardiale ruimte een vloeistof af.
Dankzij deze vloeistof kunnen de twee lagen van het pericard gemakkelijk langs elkaar
glijden tijdens het pompen van het hart.
o Pericardiale holte = de ruimte tussen de twee lagen van het dubbelvlies die gevuld is met
pericardiale vloeistof.

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