PSY 219 Exam 1 Questions And Answers Rated A+
Values ANS guiding principles in the life of a person/group
Individualism v. Collectivism ANS degree to which cultures encourage people to look after only
themselves or to look after all members of the group in exchange for loyalty
Power Distance ANS degree to which cultures encourage less powerful members to accept that
power is unequal
Uncertainty Avoidance ANS degree to which people feel threatened by the unknown
Masculinity ANS focus on success, money, material wealth
Femininity ANS focus on caring for others, interpersonal relationships, quality of life
Sacred Values ANS non-negotiable, incorporate moral beliefs that drive action in ways
dissociated from prospects of success
Social Axioms ANS general cultural beliefs/premises about oneself, social & physical
environment, spiritual world
Dynamic Externality ANS outward-oriented, simplistic grappling with external forces that are
construed to include fate/a supreme being
(conservative, collectivistic, hierarchical, high unemployment, less freedom, less human rights)
Societal Cynicism ANS predominantly cognitive apprehension/pessimism of the world
confronting people
, (believe world produces malignant outcomes, negative is inevitable, individuals are suppressed by
powerful others)
Tightness v. looseness ANS amount of variability in a culture, amount of tolerance/intolerance of
things outside of social norms
Enculturation ANS process by which individuals learn and adopt the ways and manners of their
specific culture - the products of the socialization process
Socialization ANS process by which we learn and internalize the rules/patterns of behavior that
are directly affected by culture - the process and mechanism of learning the rules
Etics ANS aspects of life that are consistent across cultures
Emics ANS aspects of life that differ across cultures; culture-specific truths or principles
Valid ANS does the research represent what it's supposed to?
Reliable ANS are the results consistent?
cross-cultural validation studies ANS examine if a measure of psych. construct from one culture
is applicable, meaningful, equivalent in another culture
Exploratory studies ANS examine EXISTENCE of cross-cultural similarities or differences
Hypothesis-testing studies ANS examine WHY cross-cultural similarities or differences exist
Contextual factors ANS variable that can explain cross-cultural differences in a study
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