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NUR242 Galen College Of Nursing - Question and answers already passed NUR242: Maternal Newborn Nursing- Exam 1, Part 2 Drug Therapy During Breast-Feeding Drugs can be excreted in breast milk, and effects can occur in the infant Pharm Chapter 3 Drug therapy during pregnancy: -drug c...

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  • October 22, 2024
  • 18
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers

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  • nur242
  • nur242 galen college of nursing
  • nur242 galen college of nursing question and an

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NUR242: Maternal Newborn Nursing-
Exam 1, Part 2
Drug Therapy During Breast-Feeding
Drugs can be excreted in breast milk, and effects can occur in the infant


Pharm Chapter 3




Drug therapy during pregnancy:
-drug cross the placenta by diffusion


- Factors affecting safety: Drug properties, Fetal gestational age, Maternal
factors


-FDA has implemented pregnancy safety categories


Pharm Chapter 3




Pregnancy Safety Categories
- A: Studies indicate no risk to the human fetus
- B: Studies indicate no risk to the animal fetus

,- C: Adverse effects reported in the animal fetus; information for humans is not
available
- D: Possible fetal risk; must weigh potential benefits against risks
- X: Positive fetal risk; not normally used during pregnancy (Do no give to
pregnant mother)
Pharm Chapter 3




Classification of young patients:
- younger than 38 weeks gestation: premature or pre-term infant


- younger than 1 month: neonate or newborn infant


- 1month~ 1 year: infant


- 1 year ~ 12 years: child


Pharm Chapter 3




Neonatal and Pediatric Considerations: Pharmacokinetics
Absorption


- Gastric pH less acidic until 1-2 years old


- Absorption is a lot easier when you are more basic than acidic

, - Gastric emptying slowed


- Intramuscular absorption faster and irregular


Distribution


- Greater total body water means lower fat content


- decreased level of protein binding


- immature blood-brain barrier- more drugs enter the brain


Metabolism


- Liver immature; does not produce enough microsomal enzymes


- other children may have increased metabolism, requiring higher doses than
infants


Excretion


- Kidney is immature which slows Glomerular filtration rate


- decreased perfusion rate of kidney may reduce excretion of drugs

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