Normal or abnormal structural imaging; LOC >30min and <24 hr; AOC >24 hr
severity based on other criteria; PTA >1 and <7 days; GCS = 9-12
Severe TBI - ✔✔Marked by a period of loss of consciousness of 24 hours
or greater.
Normal or abnormal structural imaging; LOC >24 hr; PTA >7 days; GCS = 3-8
Incidence - ✔✔occurrence; i.e. a certain number of brain injuries within a
given year.
Prevalence of Injury - ✔✔The number of people with a given condition (i.e. ABI)
at a specific point in time
,Mild Brain Injury (mBI) - ✔✔Injury to the brain, with Glasgow Coma Scores
(GCS) between 13-15; Normal Structural Imaging; LOC = 0-30 minutes; AOC =
from a moment up to 24hr; PTA = 0-1 day
Akinesia - ✔✔slowness or loss of movement
epidural hematoma (EDH) - ✔✔Hematoma on the surface of the meninges
but inside the skull, displacing the brain
Subdural Hematoma - ✔✔Bleeding between the dura mater and the
arachnoid layers of the meninges.
Hypoxia - ✔✔decreased amount of O2 to the brain
,Anoxia - ✔✔no O2 to the brain completely
Medulla - ✔✔the base of the brainstem; controls heartbeat, breathing,
blood pressure, swallowing, vomiting, and sneezing
Pons - ✔✔Part of the brainstem that is essential for facial movement
and sensations, hearing and coordinating eye movements.
Enables the thinking part of the brain (Cortex) to work with the moving part of the
brain (Cerebellum)
Mid Brain - ✔✔Part of the brain stem that plays a pivotal role in alertness
and arousal
Basal Ganglia - ✔✔directs intentional movements
computed tomography (CT) - ✔✔a scanning technique using multiple X-rays to
construct three-dimensional images
, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) - ✔✔a technique that uses magnetic fields
and radio waves to produce computer-generated images that distinguish among
different types of soft tissue; allows us to see structures within the brain, also in
3D
Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) - ✔✔an imaging method that uses a modified
MRI scanner to reveal bundles of myelinated axons in the living human brain;
illustrates the neural pathways that are affected.
Synaptogenesis - ✔✔formation of new synapses
Excitotoxicity - ✔✔the property by which neurons die when overstimulated,
as with large amounts of glutamate; This makes the neurons fire repeatedly
therefore accumulating fatal levels of sodium and calcium.
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