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UWF: EDF6225-Foundations of ABA (Exam 1)/Complete Q’s and A’s
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UWF: EDF6225-Foundations of ABA(Exam 1)/Complete Q’s and A’s
Although most of you are preparing for the BACB certification exam, please
know that the material is based on the work of ________ and his science and
philosophy of human behavior. There are occasions where we may spend
time on items that are no longer specifically required for the exam, but we
feel are required to be an excellent behavior scientist. - -B.F. Skinner
-The ________ is the only standardized form of data measurement in our
science. In this course, you will be charting your own behavior - specifically
your daily study of ABA terminology. - -Standard Celeration Chart (SCC)
-The Behavior Analyst Certification Board (BACB) is the single governing
body for professionals in the field of _______. The BACB was established in
1998 to provide certification to professionals in an effort to establish
minimum criteria to be a reactionary in the field. - -Applied Behavior
Analysis
-The standard celeration chart is the only standardized form of data ______ in
our science. - -measurement
-The word _______ refers to a systematic approach for seeking and
organizing knowledge about the natural world. - -systematic approach
-Scientific investigations can yield information regarding the three levels of
understanding, which are _____ ,_______ , and _______. - -description,
prediction, control.
-What is the purpose for this systematic approach? - --To achieve a
thorough understanding of the phenomena under study.
-To seek to discover the real truths.
--so no bias by groups or organizations
--or by the scientists themselves.
-_______ studies produce a collection of facts about the observed events that
can be quantified, classified, and examined for possible relations with other
known facts.
(Can also suggest hypothesis, questions, or additional research ideas.) - -
Description
-The highest level of scientific understanding is ________ . In this regard, we
specifically manipulate one event (the independent variable) in order to
produce a reliable change in another event (the dependent variable), and the
,change in the dependent variable is not likely due to other extraneous
factors (known as confounding variables). This relationship is referred to as a
_______. - -Control; functional relationship
-The _________ is the event in which we observe change. - -dependent
variable
-What is a functional relationship? - -It exists when a well-controlled
experiment demonstrates that a specific change in one event (the
dependent variable) is reliably produced by specific manipulations of another
event (the independent variable), and that the change in the dependent
variable was unlikely to be the result of other extraneous factors
(confounding variables).
-The _______ is the event in which we manipulate. - -independent variable
-The "behavior" we wish to change in behavior analysis is known as the
_________. (2) - -dependent variable (2)
-The "intervention" we employ in behavior analysis is known as the ________.
(2) - -independent variable (2)
-When we apply an intervention, we are manipulating the _______ . The
change we see in the target behavior is known as the ________. - -
independent variable; dependent variable
-A _______ is demonstrated when we ________ the independent variable and
see a ____ in the dependent variable and that change is not likely due
to______. - -functional relationship; manipulate; change; extraneous
variables
-______ is the assumption that the universe is a lawful and orderly place in
which phenomena occur as a result of other events. _______ is the objective
observation of the phenomena of interest. _______ is the repeating of
experiments to determine the reliability and usefulness of the findings. - -
Determinism; Empiricism; Replication
-What is Determinism? - --The idea that scientists follow that the universe is
a lawful and orderly place in which all phenomena occur as the result of
other events.
-Events do not occur at will.
-Events are related in systematic ways.
-What is Accidentalism? - -The idea that events occur by accident or without
cause.
, -What is Fatalism? - -the belief that all events are predetermined and
therefore inevitable. The scientific discovery of functional relations and use
of these discoveries to improve things would be impossible.
-Can Accidentalism and Fatalism occur concurrently with Determinism? - -
NO. They are actually antithetical (opposite) to determinism.
-What is Empiricism? - -The practice of object observation of the
phenomena or interest. The basis on which all scientific knowledge is built
from.
-_______ is ensuring we consider the simplest, most logical explanation of a
phenomenon before more complex explanations are considered. - -
Parsimony
-What is parsimony? - -all simple explanations are ruled out before more
complex or abstract explanations are considered.
-Why is parsimony important? - -Parsimonious interpretations help
scientists assess and fit new findings within the field's existing knowledge
base. A fully parsimonious interpretation consists only of those elements that
are necessary and sufficient to explain the phenomenon at hand.
In other words, given a choice between two competing and compelling
explanations for the same phenomenon, one should shave off extraneous
variables and choose the simplest explanation, the one that requires the
fewest assumptions.
-What is an experiment? - -A controlled comparison of some measure of the
phenomena of interest (DV) under two or more different conditions in which
only one factor at a time (IV) differs from one condition to another.
-What is replication? - -The exact repeating of scientific experiments.
-Why is replication important? - -It is the primary method with which
scientist determine the reliability and usefulness of their findings and
discover their mistakes. Replication is the primary reason science is self-
correcting Enterprise that ultimately gets it right (not the infallibility or
inherent honesty of scientists).
(in ABA replication to be done with the exact same experiment, or
reintroducing the same condition more than one time to see if you get the
same results each time. This is essentially using someone as their own
control group doing a single subject design we can get that replication using
the same person over and over again)
-What is philosophic doubt? - --The Continuous questioning of the
truthfulness and the validity of all scientific theory and knowledge.
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