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NR602 Final review Questions and Answers 100% Solved
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NR602 Final review Questions and Answers 100% Solved
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NR602 Final review Questions andAnswers 100% Solved
Newborn murmurs Correct Ans-This murmur is heard at the left lower sternal border and
only in the first few days of life, is quiet and does not radiate, and lasts only the first few weeks
of life.
Atrial Septal Defect is considered what type of condition? Correct Ans-Left to right shunting,
increases pulmonary blood flow (acyanotic)
Ventricular septal defect is what type of condition? Correct Ans-Left to right shunting,
increases pulmonary blood flow (acyanotic)
Patent ductus arteriosus is what type of condition? Correct Ans-Left to right shunting,
increases pulmonary blood flow (acyanotic)
Coarctation of the aorta is what type of condition? Correct Ans-Obstruction to ventricular
outflow (Acyanotic)
Pulmonary stenosis is what type of condition? Correct Ans-Obstruction to ventricular
outflow (Acyanotic)
Aortic stenosis is what type of condition? Correct Ans-Obstruction to ventricular outflow
(Acyanotic)
Tetralogy of Fallot is what type of condition? Correct Ans-Right to left shunting (Cyanotic)
Decreases pulmnary blood flow
Tricuspid atresia is what type of condition? Correct Ans-Right to left shunting (Cyanotic)
Decreases pulmnary blood flow
,Hypoplastic left heart syndrome is what type of condition? Correct Ans-Right to left shunting
(Cyanotic) Decreases pulmnary blood flow
Transposition of the great vessels are what type of condition? Correct Ans-Right to left
shunting (cyanotic) Mixed blood flow
Truncus arteriosus are what type of condition? Correct Ans-Right to left shunting (cyanotic)
Mixed blood flow
critical pulmonic stenosis are what type of condition? Correct Ans-Right to left shunting
(cyanotic) Mixed blood flow
patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) Correct Ans-Indomethacin or ibuprofen may be given to
preterm infants to effect closure when there is significant left-to-right shunt. It is
contraindicated and ineffective in term or older infants.
If the infant's test returns with hemoglobin-SS, what are your next steps in care? Correct
Ans-Referral to pediatric hematology
Begin penicillin VK 125 mg by mouth twice per day, starting at 3 months
Send complete blood count (CBC), reticulocyte count, and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase
(G6PD)
Ensure prompt vaccination against:pneumococcal disease with PCV13 at 2 months, 4 months, 6
months and 12 to 15 months and PPSV23 at 24 months with a second dose 3 to 5 years
laterinfluenza, starting at age 6 months
Parental education about the diagnosis including need for long-term follow-up care
treatment for CF Correct Ans-Infants with CF - salt supplementation needed. Older children
with CF - salt their food is appropriate.
,The goal for infants with CF = be at or above the 50th percentile weight-for-length.High-fat diet
with whole milk encouraged.Inform the CF center if there is any lack of weight gain or weight
loss.
α Thalassemias Correct Ans-are composed of several variant Hgbs that are responsible for
the various presentations. Current nomenclature often refers to the subtypes by including an
indication of the number of gene deletions of α globin; the severity of symptoms increases with
more deletions. Three gene deletions result in severe, even fatal, manifestations of disease. Two
gene deletions present with hypochromia; the absence of gene deletions causes mild anemia
and often erythrocytosis. A single globin gene deletion is clinically insignificant
Tinea corporis (ringworm) Correct Ans-Physical Examination
• Classical appearance of lesions: Annular, oval, or circinate with one or more flat, scaling, mildly
erythematous circular patches or plaques with red, scaly borders
• Lesions spread peripherally and clear centrally or may be inflammatory throughout with
superficial pustules
• Often prominent over hair follicles
• Multiple secondary lesions may merge into a large area several centimeters in diameter
Myopia (nearsightedness) Correct Ans-or nearsightedness, exists when the axial length of
the eye is increased in relation to the eye's optical power. As a result, light from a distant object
is focused in front of the retina rather than directly on it. A child sees close objects clearly but
distant objects are blurry.
Hyperopia (farsightedness) Correct Ans-or farsightedness, exists when the visual image is
focused behind the retina. As a result, distant objects are seen clearly but close objects are
blurry.
astigmatism Correct Ans-exists when the curvature of the cornea or the lens is uneven; thus
the retina cannot appropriately focus light from an object regardless of the distance, which
makes vision blurry close up and far away.
, Anisometropia Correct Ans-is a different refractive error in each eye. It may consist of any
combination of refractive errors discussed earlier, or it may occur with aphakia.
amblyopia Correct Ans-It is usually a unilateral deficit in which there is defective
development of the visual pathways needed to attain central vision. Clear focused images fail to
reach the brain, resulting in reduced or permanent loss of vision. The condition is labeled (or
typed) according to the structural or refractive problem that is causing the poor visual image to
reach the brain: deprivational, or obstruction of vision (e.g., caused by ptosis, cataract,
nystagmus), strabismic (caused by strabismus or lazy eye), or refractive (myopia, hyperopia,
astigmatism, anisometropia).
strabismus Correct Ans-is a defect in ocular alignment, or the position of the eyes in relation
to each other; it is commonly called lazy eye. In this condition the visual axes are not parallel
because the muscles of the eyes are not coordinated; when one eye is directed straight ahead,
the other deviates. As a result, one or both eyes appear crossed. In children, strabismus may
appear as a phoria or tropia
Phoria Correct Ans-is an intermittent deviation in ocular alignment that is held latent by
sensory fusion. The child can maintain alignment on an object. Deviation occurs when binocular
fusion is disrupted, most often during the cover/uncover test.
Tropias Correct Ans-is a consistent or intermittent deviation in ocular alignment. A child with
this condition is unable to maintain alignment on an object of fixation. Intermittent may occur
when a child is tired.
blepharoptosis, ptosis Correct Ans-drooping of the upper eyelids affecting one or both eyes.
It can be congenital or acquired, secondary to trauma or inflammation.
nystagmus Correct Ans-is the presence of involuntary, rhythmic movements that may be
pendular oscillations or jerky drifts of one or both eyes. Movement is horizontal, vertical, rotary,
or mixed, and is classified as congenital or acquired.
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