TTU- NS 1410 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
Macronutrients and their function - Answers-(1) Protein, Carbohydrate, Fat (Lipid),
Water. (2) Provides energy, Maintain and repair body tissue, Support the growth of new
body tissue.
Energy provided from each nutrient - Answers-(1) CHO= kcal/gram (2) Fat=9kcal/gram
(3) Protein= 4kcal/gram (4) Alcohol= 7kcal/gram
Water Soluble Vitamins - Answers-B vitamins, Vitamin C
Fat Soluble Vitamins - Answers-A, D, E, and K (KADE)
RDA - Answers-Recommended Dietary Allowance
What is RDA used for? - Answers-(1) Are recommendations, not minimum requirements
(2) Offer a substantial margin of safety (less true for energy) (3) Guide for healthy
people (4) Based on large body of scientific and experimental data
AMDR (Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Ranges) - Answers-Describes the portion
(or %) of the energy intake that should come from each macronutrient
AMDR for Carbohydrates - Answers-45-65%
AMDR for Fat - Answers-20-35%
AMDR for Protein - Answers-10-35%
Recommended amounts of protein - Answers-(1) .8 grams per kilogram of body weight
(2) .36 grams per pound
Role of Registered Dietitian - Answers-Bachelor's in nutrition
Competition of supervised clinical experiences
Passing a national registration exam
Hospitals, clinics, nursing homes
Sports nutrition
Food-service management
Community and public health nutrition
Nutrition research
Guidelines for making health claims on products - Answers-No health claim is allowed if
more than 20% of DV (daily value) for: total fat, saturated fat, cholesterol, and sodium
Components and how to read a food label - Answers-(1) Manufacturer's address
(2) Product name
(3) Net contents
,(4) Ingredients list (descending order by weight)
Serving size and servings
Must meet FDA
GERD Causes - Answers-(1) Hiatal hernia
(2) Cig smoking and alcohol use
(3) Being overweight
(4) Pregnancy
(5) Chocolate, citrus, spicy, or fried foods
(6) Large high fat meals
(7) Lying down too soon after a meal
Ulcers (Digestive Disorder) - Answers-An area of erosion in underlying layers of cells in
an area- often in the stomach and duodenum
Cause of ulcers - Answers-Hpyloric bacteria
Celiac Disease (Digestive Disorder) - Answers-Damaged small intestine lining
(decreased villi and enzymes)
Crohn's Disease (Digestive Disorder) - Answers-Inflammatory bowel disorder disease
that can affect any area of the small intestine
Possibly cause can be immune reaction with a virus or bacteria
Ulcerative Colitis (Digestive Disorder) - Answers-Chronic disease of the colon
Treatment for GERD - Answers-Lose weight
Decrease the amount of fat in your diet
Sit up for at least 2 hours after eating
Eat small frequent meals
Ulcer Treatment - Answers-Small frequent meals
Antibiotics
Avoid caffeine or alcohol
Refrain from smoking
Simple Carbs - Answers-Monosaccharides and Disaccharides
Monosaccharides - Answers-Single sugar unit
Glucose
Fructose
Galactose
Disaccharides - Answers-Pair of sugar units
, Maltose
Sucrose
Lactose
Functions of Carbs - Answers-Supplies energy
Protein sparing
Prevents ketosis
Sweetener
What foods require a food label - Answers-(1) Nearly all packaged foods and processed
meat products (2) Fresh fruit (3) Veggies (4) Raw single ingredient of meat, poultry, fish
are voluntary
Ways to eat out on a healthy diet - Answers-(1) Consume smaller portion sizes (2)
Select foods lower in fat and added sugar (3) Select restaurants that serve more healthy
foods (4) Avoid all you can eat buffets or offers (5) Avoid appetizers
Parts of the GI tract and GI system - Answers-(1) Mouth (2) Esophagus (3) Stomach (4)
Small intestines and large intestines (5) Rectum/anus
Major site of absorption - Answers-Small Intestine
Belching (Digestive Disorder) - Answers-is primarily caused by swallowed air, eating too
fast, improperly fitted dentures, and chewing gum
Heartburn (Digestive Disorder) - Answers-is caused by hydrochloric acid in the
esophagus
Functions of Fats - Answers-Provides energy
Carrier for fat soluble vitamins
Provides flavor and texture for foods
Essential to many body functions
Fat contributes to making us feel satiated- because fats are more energy dense than
carbs or proteins
Functions of Protein - Answers-Cell growth, repair, and maintenance
Enzymes and hormones
Fluid and electrolyte balance
Acid-base balance
Immune system
Energy source
Nutrient transportation and storage
Neurotransmitter
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