©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
NGN NCLEX Exam with Complete
Solutions
pH - ✔✔7.35-7.45
PCO2 - ✔✔35-45
HCO3 - ✔✔22-26
PO2 - ✔✔80-100%
SaO2 - ✔✔96-100%
BUN - ✔✔8-25
Creatinine - ✔✔0.5-1
Waste product filtered out by kidneys
Total cholesterol - ✔✔under 200
HDL - ✔✔30-70
Good cholesterol
LDL
Bad cholesterol - ✔✔less than 130
,©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
Triglycerides - ✔✔under 200
Type of lipid that circulates in blood
High amount- increase risk heart disease and stroke
protein - ✔✔6-8
albumin - ✔✔3.5-5
-checks liver and kidney function
- high=dehydration, diarrhea
-low=kidney/liver disease, infection, inflammation
amylase - ✔✔25-151
Enzyme helps digest carbs
lipase - ✔✔10-140
Enzyme made in pancreas that break down fats
High- problem w prancers
ammonia - ✔✔10-80
Toxic waste product made during protein digestion
High- liver disease, kidney failure, genetic disorder, Reyes
ALT/AST - ✔✔10-40
Bilirubin - ✔✔total less then 1.5
,©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
glucose - ✔✔70-100
A1C - ✔✔under 6%
Average blood sugar over 3 months
hemoglobin - ✔✔woman 12-15, male 14-16
hematocrit - ✔✔female 35-45% male 40-50%
platelets - ✔✔150,000-400,000
aPTT - ✔✔20-30 seconds
PT - ✔✔9-11 seconds
INR - ✔✔1 (with warfarin 2-3)
K - ✔✔3.5-5.0: intracellular, neuromuscular/muscular contraction, regulated
by kidney.
o Foods: avocado, potatoes, spinach, strawberries, tomatoes, raisins
o NEVER GIVEN IV PUSH, IM, SUBQ, max infusion 10 mEq/hr, K can
cause phlebitis=assess IV site frequently, assess renal function before
administering, monitor I&O
o High/low=impacted heart rhythm, and muscle function w/ leg cramping
, ©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
o High d/t: K retaining diuretics, CRF, Addison's, tissue damage- if
CRF=Kayexalate, IV glucose with insulin, Ca, dialysis, avoid salt
substitutes
o Low d/t diuretics/corticosteroids, vomiting, diarrhea, NG suction, CRF, -no
supplements on empty stomach
o Hypo=st depression Hyper=Tall T waves
Na - ✔✔135-145: extracellular, regulates cell size and osmosis, maintains
water balance, nerve impulses, muscle contraction, BP, blood volume,
regulates acid-base balance, regulated by salt intake, aldosterone, urinary
output
o Hyponatremia: d/t burns, diarrhea, HF, diuretics, vomiting, diaphoresis,
CRF, SIADH, ^BS *Lithium Tox!
• S/s: mental confusion, seizures, hallucinations, brain herniation, death
o Hypernatremia: HTN, edema, Cushing's, CRF, hyperaldosteronism,
hormones, NSAIDS
• s/s: lethargic, excitability, hypovolemia, pulm edema, muscle twitches,
coma, dry flushed skin
Chloride - ✔✔96-106: helps balance Na, extracellular fluid
WBC - ✔✔5,000-10,oo0
